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How Do People in Asia and the Pacific Migrate Legally for Work? An Overview of Legal Frameworks: GATS Mode 4, PTAs and Bilateral Labour Agreements

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  • Melanie Ramjoue

    (United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP))

Abstract

This paper examines the patchwork of multilateral, regional and bilateral legal instruments through which migrants from Asia and the Pacific currently legally cross borders in search of employment. It concludes that the existing frameworks are very inadequate: in almost all the multilateral and preferential agreements focusing predominantly on trade (GATS Mode 4 and Preferential Trade Agreement), countries have made binding commitments only with respect to the temporary entry of high-skilled service providers.

Suggested Citation

  • Melanie Ramjoue, 2011. "How Do People in Asia and the Pacific Migrate Legally for Work? An Overview of Legal Frameworks: GATS Mode 4, PTAs and Bilateral Labour Agreements," Working Paper Series 311, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP).
    • Handle: RePEc:unt:wpaper:swp311
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    File URL: http://www.unescap.org/tid/publication/swp311.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Richard H. Adams, Jr. & John Page, 2003. "International migration, remittances, and poverty in developing countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3179, The World Bank.
    2. Dilip Ratha & William Shaw, 2007. "South-South Migration and Remittances," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6733, December.
    3. Walmsley, Terrie L. & Winters, L. Alan, 2005. "Relaxing the Restrictions on the Temporary Movement of Natural Persons: A Simulation Analysis," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 20, pages 688-726.
    4. World Bank, 2011. "Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 : Second Edition," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2522, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International Migration; Trade in Services; GATS Mode 4; Preferential Trade Agreements; Bilateral Labour Agreements;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade

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