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Historical Patterns of Gender Inequality in Latin America: New Evidence

Author

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  • María Magdalena Camou

    (Programa de Historia Económica y Social, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República)

Abstract

The topic of this paper is to explore Latin America’s backwardness in the incorporation of women to the labour market. The collected data allows advancing in the reconstruction of the main disaggregated gender indicators of performance in education, income and life expectancy for a group of Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, México and Venezuela) along the XX century. The evidence shows that Latin America has already achieved gender equality in the results for Education and Life Expectancy in most countries. Nevertheless, the main gap between the sexes is in the labour market, both in the participation rate and in wages. Our preliminary results show a marked relationship between women’s activity rate and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, but this is not enough to explain variations between countries

Suggested Citation

  • María Magdalena Camou, 2015. "Historical Patterns of Gender Inequality in Latin America: New Evidence," Documentos de trabajo 38, Programa de Historia Económica, FCS, Udelar.
    • Handle: RePEc:ude:doctra:38
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    File URL: http://cienciassociales.edu.uy/unidadmultidisciplinaria/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2015/05/DT_PHES_No-38-Camou1.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barro, Robert J & Lee, Jong-Wha, 2001. "International Data on Educational Attainment: Updates and Implications," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 53(3), pages 541-563, July.
    2. Schultz, T.P., 1989. "Women'S Changing Participation In The Labor Force: A World Perspective," Papers 571, Yale - Economic Growth Center.
    3. Psacharopoulos, George & Tzannatos, Zafiris, 1989. "Female Labor Force Participation: An International Perspective," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 4(2), pages 187-201, July.
    4. Weller, Jürgen, 1998. "Los mercados laborales en América Latina: su evolución en el largo plazo y sus tendencias recientes," Series Históricas 7448, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    5. Enriqueta Camps & Maria Camou & Silvana Maubrigades & Natalia Mora-Sitja, 2006. "Globalization and Wage Inequality in South and East Asia, and Latin America: A Gender Approach," Working Papers 284, Barcelona School of Economics.
    6. Schultz, T Paul, 1990. "Women's Changing Participation in the Labor Force: A World Perspective," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 38(3), pages 457-488, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender inequality; labour market; gender education gap; Gender Development Index;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development

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