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Using Backward Means to Eliminate Individual Effects from Dynamic Panels

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  • G. EVERAERT

Abstract

The within-groups estimator is inconsistent in dynamic panels with fixed T since the sample mean used to eliminate the individual effects from the lagged dependent variable is correlated with the error term. This paper suggests to eliminate individual effects from an AR(1) panel using backward means as an alternative to sample means. Using orthogonal deviations of the lagged dependent variable from its backward mean yields an estimator that is still inconsistent for fixed T but the inconsistency is shown to be negligibly small. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that this alternative estimator has superior small sample properties compared to conventional fixed effects, bias-corrected fixed effects and GMM estimators. Interestingly, it is also consistent for fixed T in the specific cases where (i) T = 2, (ii) the AR parameter is 0 or 1, (iii) the variance of the individual effects is zero.

Suggested Citation

  • G. Everaert, 2009. "Using Backward Means to Eliminate Individual Effects from Dynamic Panels," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 09/553, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    • Handle: RePEc:rug:rugwps:09/553
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    6. Everaert, Gerdie & Pozzi, Lorenzo, 2007. "Bootstrap-based bias correction for dynamic panels," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 1160-1184, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Arturas Juodis, 2015. "Iterative Bias Correction Procedures Revisited: A Small Scale Monte Carlo Study," UvA-Econometrics Working Papers 15-02, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Dept. of Econometrics.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Dynamic panel; Individual effects; Backward mean; Orthogonal deviations; Monte Carlo simulation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models

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