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Macroeconomic Effects of COVID-19 in a Commodity-Exporting Economy: Evidence from Mongolia

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  • Doojav, Gan-Ochir

    (Asian Development Bank Institute)

Abstract

We examine macroeconomic effects and transmission mechanisms of COVID-19 in Mongolia, a developing and commodity-exporting economy, by estimating a Bayesian structural vector autoregression on quarterly data. We find strong cross-border spillover effects of COVID-19. Our estimates suggest that the People’s Republic of China’s GDP and copper price shocks account, respectively, for three-fifths and one-fifth of the drop in real GDP in 2020Q1. The recovery observed for Q2 2020–Q1 2021 is primarily due to positive external shocks. However, disruptions in credit and labor markets have been sustained in the economy. Two-thirds of the fall in employment in Q1 2021 could be attributed to adverse labor demand shocks. We also reveal novel empirical evidence for the balance sheet channel of the exchange rate, the financial accelerator effects, and an indirect channel of wage shock to consumer price passing through bank credit.

Suggested Citation

  • Doojav, Gan-Ochir, 2022. "Macroeconomic Effects of COVID-19 in a Commodity-Exporting Economy: Evidence from Mongolia," ADBI Working Papers 1337, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbiwp:1337
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    Cited by:

    1. Doojav, Gan-Ochir & Luvsannyam, Davaajargal & Enkh-Amgalan, Elbegjargal, 2023. "Effects of global liquidity and commodity market shocks in a commodity-exporting developing economy," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    2. Yugang He, 2023. "Unraveling the COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact on South Korea’s Macroeconomy: Unearthing Novel Transmission Channels within the Energy Sector and Production Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-10, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    COVID-19; demand and supply shocks; macroeconomic fluctuations; structural vector autoregression; Bayesian analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E27 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development

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