IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/rep/wpaper/2018-03.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Reforming Canada’s Dairy Supply Management Scheme and the Consequences for International Trade

Author

Listed:
  • G. Cornelis van Kooten

Abstract

Following Carter and Mérel (2016), we explore the export benefits of reforming supply management (SM) in Canada's dairy sector. A trade model with ten regions and five dairy product categories is developed and used to examine the potential benefits of opening international markets to Canadian dairy products. In addition to a baseline, three scenarios are compared—one with SM in place but with Canada able to export freely. Two other scenarios assume SM is eliminated and there is complete free trade, but with high‐ and low‐cost structures. Findings indicate that, in the high‐cost scenario, domestic consumers gain from lower prices as the domestic supply and exports fall compared to the status quo, but producers are less well off. However, under a low domestic cost structure, Canada becomes a major exporter of milk, with both producers and consumers gaining from free trade. This scenario assumes that domestic producers take advantage of economies of scale, enabling them to compete in international markets. Appropriate policies will be required to reform the quota regime, while minimizing the harm done to dairy farmers. À la suite de Carter et Mérel (2016), nous explorons les avantages à l'exportation de la réforme de la gestion de l'offre (SM) dans le secteur laitier Canadien. Un modèle commercial avec dix régions et six catégories de produits laitiers est élaboré et utilisé pour examiner les avantages potentiels de l'ouverture des marchés internationaux aux produits laitiers Canadiens. Deux scénarios sont comparés ‐ l'un avec une structure de coûts intérieure élevée où les producteurs et les transformateurs ne tirent aucun avantage des économies d'échelle, et l'autre avec une structure de coûts intérieure plus faible où l'offre canadienne est très élastique et adaptable à la demande du marché mondial. Les résultats indiquent que, dans le scénario de coût élevé, les consommateurs nationaux profitent de la baisse des prix à mesure que l'offre et les exportations nationa
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2018. "Reforming Canada’s Dairy Supply Management Scheme and the Consequences for International Trade," Working Papers 2018-03, University of Victoria, Department of Economics, Resource Economics and Policy Analysis Research Group.
  • Handle: RePEc:rep:wpaper:2018-03
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://web.uvic.ca/~repa/publications/REPA%20working%20papers/WorkingPaper2018-03.pdf
    File Function: Final version, 2018
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Novakovic, Andrew M. & Wolf, Christopher, 2016. "Federal Interventions in Milk Markets," Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm, and Resource Issues, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 31(4), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Michele M. Veeman, 1982. "Social Costs of Supply-Restricting Marketing Boards," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 30(1), pages 21-36, March.
    3. Jongeneel, Roelof A. & Tonini, Axel, 2009. "The impact of quota rent and supply elasticity estimates for EU dairy policy evaluation: a comparative analysis," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 58(05-06), pages 1-10, July.
    4. James Vercammen, 2013. "A Partial Adjustment Model of Federal Direct Payments in Canadian Agriculture," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 61(3), pages 465-485, September.
    5. Richard Barichello & John Cranfield & Karl Meilke, 2009. "Options for the Reform of Supply Management in Canada with Trade Liberalization," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 35(2), pages 203-217, June.
    6. Barichello, Richard R. & Cranfield, John & Meilke, Karl D., "undated". "Options for Supply Management in Canada with Trade Liberalization," 2006 NAAMIC Workshop III: Achieving NAFTA Plus 163876, North American Agrifood Market Integration Consortium (NAAMIC).
    7. Kevin Chen & Karl Meilke, 1998. "The Simple Analytics of Transferable Production Quota: Implications for the Marginal Cost of Ontario Milk Production," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 46(1), pages 37-52, March.
    8. Geoff Edwards, 2003. "The story of deregulation in the dairy industry," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 47(1), pages 75-98, March.
    9. Ryan Cardwell & Chad Lawley & Di Xiang, 2018. "Milked and Feathered: The Regressive Welfare Effects of Canada's Supply Management Regime: Reply," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 44(3), pages 278-288, September.
    10. Michele M. Veeman, 1997. "Marketing Boards: The Canadian Experience Revisited," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 45(4), pages 411-420, December.
    11. Michele M. Veeman, 1997. "Marketing Boards: The Canadian Experience Revisited," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 79(5), pages 1554-1562.
    12. Ryan Cardwell & Chad Lawley & Di Xiang, 2015. "Milked and Feathered: The Regressive Welfare Effects of Canada's Supply Management Regime," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 41(1), pages 1-14, March.
    13. Schmitz Andrew & Schmitz Troy G., 2010. "Benefit-Cost Analysis: Distributional Considerations under Producer Quota Buyouts," Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, De Gruyter, vol. 1(1), pages 1-15, July.
    14. G. C. Van Kooten & Keith F. Taylor, 1989. "Measuring the Marginal Welfare Impacts of Government Regulation: The Case of Supply Management," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 22(4), pages 892-903, November.
    15. Schmitz, Andrew & Haynes, Dwayne & Schmitz, Troy G., 2016. "The Not-So-Simple Economics Of Production Quota Buyouts," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(2), pages 119-147, May.
    16. James Vercammen & Andrew Schmitz, 1992. "Supply Management and Import Concessions," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 25(4), pages 957-971, November.
    17. Michele M. Veeman, 1987. "Marketing Boards: The Canadian Experience," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 69(5), pages 992-1000.
    18. Colin A. Carter & Pierre Mérel, 2016. "Hidden costs of supply management in a small market," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(2), pages 555-588, May.
    19. Schmitz, Andrew & Schmitz, Troy G., 2010. "Benefit-Cost Analysis: Distributional Considerations under Producer Quota Buyouts," Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(01), pages 1-15, July.
    20. Veeman, Michele M., 1987. "Marketing Boards: The Canadian Experience," 1987 Annual Meeting, August 2-5, East Lansing, Michigan 270135, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    21. Michele M. Veeman, 1982. "Social Costs of Supply-Restricting Marketing Boards: Reply," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 30(3), pages 373-376, November.
    22. Paris, Quirino & Drogué, Sophie & Anania, Giovanni, 2011. "Calibrating spatial models of trade," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 2509-2516.
    23. Schmitz, Andrew & Schmitz, Troy G., 2010. "Benefit-Cost Analysis: Distributional Considerations under Producer Quota Buyouts," Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 1(1), pages 1-15, July.
    24. Colin Busby & Daniel Schwanen, 2013. "Putting the Market Back in Dairy Marketing," C.D. Howe Institute Commentary, C.D. Howe Institute, issue 374, March.
    25. G. C. Kooten, 1988. "Economic Impacts of Supply Management: Review and Comparison of Alternative Measures of Consumer Welfare Loss," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 36(3), pages 425-441, November.
    26. G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2020. "Reforming Canada's Dairy Sector: USMCA and the Issue of Compensation," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(3), pages 542-558, September.
    27. Paris,Quirino, 2011. "Economic Foundations of Symmetric Programming," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521123020, October.
    28. Andrew Schmitz & Dwayne J. Haynes & Troy G. Schmitz, 2016. "Alternative Approaches to Compensation and Producer Rights," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 64(3), pages 439-454, September.
    29. Edwards, Geoff W., 2003. "The story of deregulation in the dairy industry," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 47(1), pages 1-24.
    30. Paris,Quirino, 2011. "Economic Foundations of Symmetric Programming," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521194723, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2020. "Reforming Canada's Dairy Sector: USMCA and the Issue of Compensation," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(3), pages 542-558, September.
    2. G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2017. "The Welfare Economics of Dismantling Dairy Quota in a Confederation of States," Working Papers 2017-04, University of Victoria, Department of Economics, Resource Economics and Policy Analysis Research Group.
    3. Colin A. Carter & Pierre Mérel, 2016. "Hidden costs of supply management in a small market," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 49(2), pages 555-588, May.
    4. Andrew Schmitz, 2008. "Canadian Agricultural Programs and Policy in Transition," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 56(4), pages 371-391, December.
    5. Royer, Annie & Menard, Claude & Gouin, Daniel-Mercier, 2012. "Marketing Boards as Hybrid Governance: A study of the Canadian hog industry," 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126706, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    6. Annie Royer & Claude Ménard & Daniel-Mercier Gouin, 2016. "Reassessing marketing boards as hybrid arrangements: evidence from Canadian experiences," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 47(1), pages 105-116, January.
    7. Pierre Desrochers & Vincent Geloso & Alexandre Moreau, 2018. "Supply management and household poverty in Canada," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 65(2), pages 231-240, June.
    8. Schmitz, Troy G. & Schmitz, Andrew, 2012. "The Complexities of the Interface between Agricultural Policy and Trade," Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, February.
    9. Veeman, Michele M., 1989. "Supply Management: Analyzing the Values of Tradeable Output Quotas," 1989 Occasional Paper Series No. 5 197686, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    10. Kooten, G. Cornelis van, 2013. "Modeling Forest Trade in Logs and Lumber: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis," Working Papers 149182, University of Victoria, Resource Economics and Policy.
    11. John B. Loomis, 2013. "Incorporating distributional issues into benefit–cost analysis: why, how, and two empirical examples using non-market valuation," Chapters, in: Scott O. Farrow & Richard Zerbe, Jr. (ed.), Principles and Standards for Benefit–Cost Analysis, chapter 9, pages 294-316, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    12. Liu, Xuan & van Kooten, Gerrit Cornelis & Duan, Jun, 2020. "Calibration of agricultural risk programming models using positive mathematical programming," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(3), July.
    13. Haynes, Dwayne J. & Schmitz, Andrew & Schmitz, Troy G., 2015. "Producer Compensation under Government Programs: What Should the Magnitude Be?," 2015 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2015, Atlanta, Georgia 196887, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    14. Lambert, Remy, 2012. "A Primer on the Economics of Supply Management and Food Supply Chains," Working Papers 125246, Structure and Performance of Agriculture and Agri-products Industry (SPAA).
    15. Alex W. Chernoff, 2015. "Between a cap and a higher price: Modelling the price of dairy quotas under price ceiling legislation," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(4), pages 1403-1429, November.
    16. van Kooten, G. Cornelis & Johnston, Craig, 2014. "Global impacts of Russian log export restrictions and the Canada–U.S. lumber dispute: Modeling trade in logs and lumber," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 54-66.
    17. Larue, Bruno & Gervais, Jean-Philippe & Pouliot, Sebastien, 2007. "Should tariff-rate quotas mimic quotas?: Implications for trade liberalization under a supply management policy," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 247-261, December.
    18. Richard J Vyn & James Rude, 2020. "The Influence of Supply Management on Farmland Values in Ontario," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 815-834, December.
    19. Alan P. Ker & Ryan Cardwell, 2021. "Introduction to the special issue on COVID‐19 and the Canadian agriculture and food sectors: Thoughts one year into the pandemic," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(2), pages 155-159, June.
    20. Andrew Schmitz & Dwayne J. Haynes & Troy G. Schmitz, 2016. "Alternative Approaches to Compensation and Producer Rights," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 64(3), pages 439-454, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Supply management; market power; dairy trade;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rep:wpaper:2018-03. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: G.C. van Kooten (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/devicca.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.