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On the Distribution Dynamics of Human Development: Evidence from the Metropolitan Regions of Bolivia

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  • Mendez, Carlos

Abstract

Bolivia has experienced large socioeconomic transformations in the last decades. Among them, almost half of the population currently lives in the main metropolitan regions of the country. Motivated by the potential for growth and development convergence in these regions, this article documents the evolution of human development disparities and convergence patterns over the 1992-2013 period. Using a distribution dynamics framework, this article evaluates both the transitional dynamics and the long-run equilibrium of the cross-regional distribution of human development. Results from the transitional dynamics analysis suggest that the formation of multiple clusters of convergence is a salient feature of inequality reduction in human development. On the other hand, results from the long-run equilibrium analysis suggest that the process of regional convergence is characterized by the transformation of a trimodal distribution into a left-skewed unimodal distribution. The article concludes emphasizing that the cross-regional distribution of human development in Bolivia is quite sticky at its left tail, and as a result, the least developed regions are still relatively far from achieving complete convergence in the long run.

Suggested Citation

  • Mendez, Carlos, 2018. "On the Distribution Dynamics of Human Development: Evidence from the Metropolitan Regions of Bolivia," MPRA Paper 87571, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:87571
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Quah, Danny, 1997. "Empirics for growth and distribution," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 2138, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Carlos Mendez-Guerra, 2018. "On the distribution dynamics of human development: Evidence from the metropolitan regions of Bolivia," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 38(4), pages 2467-2475.
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    14. Bashtannyk, David M. & Hyndman, Rob J., 2001. "Bandwidth selection for kernel conditional density estimation," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 279-298, May.
    15. Maza, Adolfo & Hierro, María & Villaverde, José, 2012. "Income distribution dynamics across European regions: Re-examining the role of space," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(6), pages 2632-2640.
    16. Epstein, Philip & Howlett, Peter & Schulze, Max-Stephan, 2003. "Distribution dynamics: stratification, polarization, and convergence among OECD economies, 1870-1992," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 78-97, January.
    17. Danny Quah, 1997. "Empirics for Growth and Distribution," CEP Discussion Papers dp0324, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    18. Johnson, Paul A., 2000. "A nonparametric analysis of income convergence across the US states," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 219-223, November.
    19. Quah, Danny T, 1997. "Empirics for Growth and Distribution: Stratification, Polarization, and Convergence Clubs," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 27-59, March.
    20. Mendez-Guerra, Carlos, 2018. "Beta, Sigma and Distributional Convergence in Human Development? Evidence from the Metropolitan Regions of Bolivia," MPRA Paper 87627, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    21. Quah, Danny, 1993. " Galton's Fallacy and Tests of the Convergence Hypothesis," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 95(4), pages 427-443, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Mendez-Guerra, 2018. "On the distribution dynamics of human development: Evidence from the metropolitan regions of Bolivia," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 38(4), pages 2467-2475.
    2. Miranti, Ragdad Cani & Mendez-Guerra, Carlos, 2020. "Human Development Dynamics across Districts of Indonesia: A Study of Regional Convergence and Spatial Approach," MPRA Paper 100479, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Mendez, Carlos, 2019. "Regional Efficiency Dispersion, Convergence, and Efficiency Clusters: Evidence from the Provinces of Indonesia 1990-2010," MPRA Paper 95972, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Mendez-Guerra, Carlos, 2019. "Environmental Efficiency and Regional Convergence Clusters in Japan: A Nonparametric Density Approach," MPRA Paper 92245, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Carlos Mendez, 2019. "Lack of Global Convergence and the Formation of Multiple Welfare Clubs across Countries: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Approach," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-17, July.
    6. Gunawan, Anang & Mendez, Carlos & Santos-Marquez, Felipe, 2019. "Regional Income Disparities, Distributional Convergence, and Spatial Effects: Evidence from Indonesia," MPRA Paper 97090, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Carlos Mendez & Erick Gonzales, 2021. "Human Capital Constraints, Spatial Dependence, and Regionalization in Bolivia: A Spatial Clustering Approach," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, vol. 44(87), pages 115-145.
    8. Sulekha Hembram & Sushil Kr. Haldar, 2020. "Is India experiencing health convergence? An empirical analysis," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 591-618, November.
    9. Felipe Santos‐Marquez & Carlos Mendez, 2021. "Regional convergence, spatial scale, and spatial dependence: Evidence from homicides and personal injuries in Colombia 2010–2018," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(4), pages 1162-1184, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    convergence; distribution dynamics; human development; Bolivia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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