IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/new/wpaper/1104.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Excess Bank Reserves and Monetary Policy with a Lower-Bound Lending Rate September 2011

Author

Listed:
  • Tarron Khemraj

    (New College of Florida)

  • Christian R. Proaño

    (Department of Economics, New School for Social Research)

Abstract

The paper posits the existence of a minimum mark-up loan interest rate threshold, which is identified using a long-term bank demand curve for excess reserves. At the threshold rate, the risk adjusted marginal revenue is equal to the marginal cost of extending loans. An excess reserves-loan (RL) equationis proposed to link excess reserves and aggregate output. The RL equation is combined with an IS equation, emphasizing the loan rate rather than the government bond rate. Together with a Phillips curve, the model is solved recursively to obtain equilibrium output and price level. The theoretical framework allows us to determine whether the unprecedented expansion of bank reserves by the Federal Reserve will engender inflation, deflation, hyperinflation or a deflationary spiral. The final outcome depends on a linear combination of five parameters and two probability regimes. The empirical results tend to support a deflation instead of an inflation regime.

Suggested Citation

  • Tarron Khemraj & Christian R. Proaño, 2011. "Excess Bank Reserves and Monetary Policy with a Lower-Bound Lending Rate September 2011," Working Papers 1104, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:new:wpaper:1104
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.economicpolicyresearch.org/econ/2011/NSSR_WP_042011.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2011
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Heider, F. & Hoerova, M. & Holthausen, C., 2009. "Liquidity Hoarding and Interbank Market Spreads : The Role of Counterparty Risk," Discussion Paper 2009-40 S, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    2. Frost, Peter A, 1971. "Banks' Demand for Excess Reserves," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 79(4), pages 805-825, July-Aug..
    3. James P. Dow Jr., 2001. "The Demand for Excess Reserves," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 67(3), pages 685-700, January.
    4. David Neumark & Steven A. Sharpe, 1992. "Market Structure and the Nature of Price Rigidity: Evidence from the Market for Consumer Deposits," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 107(2), pages 657-680.
    5. Xavier Freixas & Jos… Jorge, 2008. "The Role of Interbank Markets in Monetary Policy: A Model with Rationing," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(6), pages 1151-1176, September.
    6. Hannan, Timothy H & Berger, Allen N, 1991. "The Rigidity of Prices: Evidence from the Banking Industry," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(4), pages 938-945, September.
    7. Adam Ashcraft & James Mcandrews & David Skeie, 2011. "Precautionary Reserves and the Interbank Market," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43(s2), pages 311-348, October.
    8. Xavier Freixas & Jean-Charles Rochet, 2008. "Microeconomics of Banking, 2nd Edition," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 2, volume 1, number 0262062704, April.
    9. Ferguson, J David & Hart, William R, 1980. "Liquidity Preference or Loanable Funds: Interest Rate Determination in Market Disequilibrium," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 32(1), pages 57-70, March.
    10. Tobias Adrian & Hyun Song Shin, 2009. "Money, Liquidity, and Monetary Policy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(2), pages 600-605, May.
    11. Clifford B. Sowell & Atul K. Saxena, 2000. "An Examination of Country Member Bank Cash Balances of the 1930s: A Test of Alternative Explanations," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 66(4), pages 923-941, April.
    12. Todd Keister & James J. McAndrews, 2009. "Why are banks holding so many excess reserves?," Current Issues in Economics and Finance, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 15(Dec).
    13. Seth Carpenter & Selva Demiralp, 2008. "The Liquidity Effect in the Federal Funds Market: Evidence at the Monthly Frequency," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(1), pages 1-24, February.
    14. Paul R. Krugman, 1998. "It's Baaack: Japan's Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 29(2), pages 137-206.
    15. Ann-Marie Meulendyke, 1998. "U.S. monetary policy and financial markets," Monograph, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, number 1998mpaf.
    16. Antoine Martin & James J. McAndrews & David R. Skeie, 2011. "A note on bank lending in times of large bank reserves," Staff Reports 497, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Khemraj, Tarron, 2011. "The Non-Zero Lower Bound Lending Rate and the Liquidity Trap," MPRA Paper 42030, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 01 May 2012.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cesa-Bianchi, Ambrogio & Rebucci, Alessandro, 2017. "Does easing monetary policy increase financial instability?," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 111-125.
    2. Ritz, Robert A. & Walther, Ansgar, 2015. "How do banks respond to increased funding uncertainty?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 386-410.
    3. Beladi, Hamid & Hu, May & Park, Jason & How, Janice, 2020. "Liquidity creation and funding ability during the interbank lending crunch," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    4. S. Gabrieli & C.-P. Georg, 2014. "A network view on interbank market freezes," Working papers 531, Banque de France.
    5. Horváth, Roman & Podpiera, Anca, 2012. "Heterogeneity in bank pricing policies: The Czech evidence," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 87-108.
    6. Jaremski, Matthew & Mathy, Gabriel, 2018. "How was the quantitative easing program of the 1930s Unwound?," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 27-49.
    7. Chang, Su-Hsin & Contessi, Silvio & Francis, Johanna L., 2014. "Understanding the accumulation of bank and thrift reserves during the U.S. financial crisis," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 78-106.
    8. Ettore Panetti, 2017. "A Theory of Bank Illiquidity and Default with Hidden Trades," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(3), pages 1123-1157.
    9. Vajanne, Laura, 2009. "Inferring market power from retail deposit interest rates in the euro area," Research Discussion Papers 27/2009, Bank of Finland.
    10. Putkuri, Hanna, 2010. "Housing loan rate margins in Finland," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 10/2010, Bank of Finland.
    11. Fecht, Falko & Reitz, Stefan & Weber, Patrick, 2015. "On the role of market makers for money market liquidity and tensions," Kiel Working Papers 2013, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    12. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2010_010 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Vajanne, Laura, 2009. "Inferring market power from retail deposit interest rates in the euro area," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 27/2009, Bank of Finland.
    14. Suarez, Javier & Bruche, Max, 2009. "The Macroeconomics of Money Market Freezes," CEPR Discussion Papers 7304, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    15. Choi, Michael & Rocheteau, Guillaume, 2023. "A model of retail banking and the deposits channel of monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 127-147.
    16. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2009_027 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Peter Hoffmann & Sam Langfield & Federico Pierobon & Guillaume Vuillemey, 2019. "Who Bears Interest Rate Risk?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(8), pages 2921-2954.
    18. Morteza Alaeddini & Philippe Madiès & Paul J. Reaidy & Julie Dugdale, 2023. "Interbank money market concerns and actors’ strategies—A systematic review of 21st century literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 573-654, April.
    19. Putkuri, Hanna, 2010. "Housing loan rate margins in Finland," Research Discussion Papers 10/2010, Bank of Finland.
    20. Massimiliano Affinito, 2013. "Central bank refinancing, interbank markets, and the hypothesis of liquidity hoarding: evidence from a euro-area banking system," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 928, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    21. Holland, Quynh Chau Pham & Liu, Benjamin & Roca, Eduardo & Salisu, Afees A., 2020. "Mortgage asymmetric pricing, cash rate and international funding cost: Australian evidence," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 46-68.
    22. Sopp, Heiko, 2018. "Interest rate pass-through to the rates of core deposits: A new perspective," Discussion Papers 25/2018, Deutsche Bundesbank.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Excess reserves; quantitative easing; liquidity preference; deflation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E41 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Demand for Money
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:new:wpaper:1104. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Mark Setterfield (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/denewus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.