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Conditional Cash Transfers and the Geography of Intergenerational Education Mobility in the Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • Molina, Teresa

    (University of Hawaii at Manoa)

  • Tan, Cara

    (California Policy Lab)

Abstract

Using population census data, this paper documents substantial variation in municipality-level measures of upward and relative education mobility across the Philippines. Regressions that control for a rich set of covariates leave one-fifth of the variation in upward mobility and two-thirds of the variation in relative mobility unexplained. To explore the extent to which these measures capture meaningful variation that can be changed by government policy, we exploit municipality-level variation in exposure to a national conditional cash transfer program. Exposure to the program significantly increased average municipality education and upward mobility but had no significant effects on relative mobility.

Suggested Citation

  • Molina, Teresa & Tan, Cara, 2026. "Conditional Cash Transfers and the Geography of Intergenerational Education Mobility in the Philippines," IZA Discussion Papers 18921, IZA Network @ LISER.
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18921
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    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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