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Central Bank Independence and Macro-Prudential Regulation

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  • Mr. Fabian Valencia
  • Mr. Kenichi Ueda

Abstract

We consider the optimality of various institutional arrangements for agencies that conduct macro-prudential regulation and monetary policy. When a central bank is in charge of price and financial stability, a new time inconsistency problem may arise. Ex-ante, the central bank chooses the socially optimal level of inflation. Ex-post, however, the central bank chooses inflation above the social optimum to reduce the real value of private debt. This inefficient outcome arises when macro-prudential policies cannot be adjusted as frequently as monetary. Importantly, this result arises even when the central bank is politically independent. We then consider the role of political pressures in the spirit of Barro and Gordon (1983). We show that if either the macro-prudential regulator or the central bank (or both) are not politically independent, separation of price and financial stability objectives does not deliver the social optimum.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Fabian Valencia & Mr. Kenichi Ueda, 2012. "Central Bank Independence and Macro-Prudential Regulation," IMF Working Papers 2012/101, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2012/101
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    WP; central bank; monetary policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government

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