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The quality of the estimators of the ETI

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Abstract

Measuring the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is central for tax policy design. Yet, there are few arguments which support or infirm that current methods yield measurements of the ETI that can be trusted. Our first purpose is to use simulation methods to assess the bias and precision of the prevalent methods used in the literature (IV estimation and bunching methods). Thereby, we aim at (i) explaining the huge differences in empirical results, and (ii) providing arguments in favor of or against using these methods. Our second purpose is to suggest indirect inference estimation to improve the quality of the measurement. We find that the IV regression estimators may suffer from considerable bias and be quite imprecise, whereas the bunching estimators perform better in our controlled environment. We also show that using more of the information available in the data, estimators based on indirect inference principles produce more precise estimates of the ETI than any of the most commonly used methods.

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  • Aronsson, Thomas & Jenderny, Katharina & Lanot, Gauthier, 2017. "The quality of the estimators of the ETI," Umeå Economic Studies 955, Umeå University, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:hhs:umnees:0955
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    1. Michaël Sicsic, 2022. "Does labour income react more to income tax or means‐tested benefits reforms?," Fiscal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(3), pages 291-319, September.
    2. Thomas Aronsson & Katharina Jenderny & Gauthier Lanot, 2024. "A maximum likelihood bunching estimator of the elasticity of taxable income," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 200-216, January.
    3. Dingquan Miao & Håkan Selin & Martin Söderström, 2025. "Earnings Responses to Even Higher Taxes," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 135(667), pages 838-860.
    4. Yang, Xiaoliang & Barros, Lucy & Matthews, Kent & Meenagh, David, 2024. "The dynamics of redistribution, inequality and growth across China’s regions," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 46(3), pages 613-637.
    5. Spencer Bastani, 2025. "The marginal value of public funds: a brief guide and application to tax policy," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 32(4), pages 919-956, August.
    6. Lanot, Gauthier & Vesterberg, Mattias, 2021. "The price elasticity of electricity demand when marginal incentives are very large," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    7. Aronsson, Thomas & Jenderny, Katharina & Lanot, Gauthier, 2021. "Maximum Likelihood Bunching Estimators of the ETI," Umeå Economic Studies 987, Umeå University, Department of Economics.
    8. Bastani, Spencer, 2023. "The marginal cost of public funds: A brief guide," Working Paper Series 2023:14, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    9. Sigaard, Hans Schytte, 2023. "Estimating labor supply responses to Danish tax reforms," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).

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    JEL classification:

    • D60 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - General
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household

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