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Chômage et invalidité après 50 ans : deux dispositifs alternatifs de sortie de l’emploi pour les seniors en mauvaise santé ?

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  • Thomas Barnay

    (TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ERUDITE - Equipe de Recherche sur l’Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Economique - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12)

Abstract

La France se caractérise par un taux d'emploi des 55-64 ans relativement faible, égal à 38 % (Eurostat, 2007), dû essentiellement à un marché du travail défavorable aux seniors et à diverses possibilités de départ anticipé (préretraites, dispenses de recherche d'emploi, pensions d'invalidité). À ces âges, un état de santé dégradé est un motif de cessation précoce d'activité par le biais de dispositifs tels que la CATS (Cessation Anticipée pour certains Travailleurs Salariés) ou la CAATA (Cessation Anticipée d'Activité pour les Travailleurs de l'Amiante) mais aussi via l'inactivité temporaire (les indemnités journalières maladie) ou permanente (les pensions d'invalidité). Dans ce contexte, il semble intéressant d'identifier les facteurs déterminants de la participation, ou non, au marché au travail après 50 ans et le lien entre santé dégradée et statut d'activité (emploi, inactifs et chômeurs en particulier). Il apparaît que la prévalence d'une limitation fonctionnelle dans les activités quotidiennes conduit à une exclusion plus forte des plus de 50 ans sur le marché du travail. Une partie des personnes âgées de 55 à 59 ans en incapacité se retrouvent au chômage et ne recherchent pas d'emploi, c'est-à-dire qu'elles sont potentiellement dispensées de recherche d'emploi. Ceci validerait l'hypothèse selon laquelle une partie des dispensés de recherche d'emploi sont des personnes dont l'état de santé est altéré.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Barnay, 2008. "Chômage et invalidité après 50 ans : deux dispositifs alternatifs de sortie de l’emploi pour les seniors en mauvaise santé ?," Post-Print halshs-01302208, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01302208
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01302208
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    Cited by:

    1. Catherine Pollak, 2012. "Employed and Happy despite Weak Health? Labour Market Participation and Job Quality of Older Workers with Disabilities," Working Papers DT45, IRDES institut for research and information in health economics, revised Mar 2012.
    2. Thomas Barnay & Carine Franc & Florence Jusot, 2015. "Introduction : La santé et les soins : prise en charge, déterminants sociaux, conséquences professionnelles," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 475(1), pages 17-29.
    3. Mareva Sabatier & Bérangère Legendre, 2017. "The puzzle of older workers’ employment: distance to retirement and health effects," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 38(1), pages 45-61, April.
    4. Thomas Barnay & Carine Franc & Florence Jusot, 2015. "Introduction générale. La santé et les soins : prise en charge, déterminants sociaux, conséquences professionnelles," Post-Print hal-02431053, HAL.

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    Keywords

    santé; retraite; emploi;
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