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Production rights market : some analysis problems
[Quelques difficultés d'analyse d'un marché des droits à produire]

Author

Listed:
  • Catherine C. Benjamin

    (ESR - Unité de recherche d'Économie et Sociologie Rurales - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)

  • Herve Guyomard

    (ESR - Unité de recherche d'Économie et Sociologie Rurales - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)

Abstract

La politique de gestion de l'offre de lait de l'Union européenne repose essentiellement sur le contrôle du niveau de production par un système de quotas individuels, plus ou moins transférables dans les Etats membres. Un système de quotas de production parfaitement transférables permet d'éliminer les inefficacités liées à une allocation imparfaite des quotas entre producteurs, en permettant aux producteurs à coût marginal élevé de vendre tout ou partie de leurs droits initiaux aux producteurs à coût marginal plus faible. Dans cette communication, les auteurs montrent qu'il est nécessaire de prendre en compte les coûts de transaction, les externalités liées à l'activité agricole et les intérêts des entreprises transformatrices en amont, pour juger de l'efficacité d'un marché libre des droits à produire. Le second objectif est centré sur les difficultés pratiques d'évaluation des effets d'un marché libre des droits à produire. Cette évaluation peut être fondée sur l'estimation d'une fonction de coût pour les exploitations laitières, et la dérivation des fonctions individuelles de coût marginal de production de lait. On dispose d'un panel cylindré de 292 exploitations laitières françaises sur la période 1989-1992. Les résultats des estimations montrent que la variabilité des coûts marginaux de production laitière est plus importante que sur des estimations en coupe. La mise en oeuvre d'un marché libre des quotas laitiers sur la base de l'estimation en données de panel devrait donc aboutir à des résultats différents, en termes de nombre d'offreurs et de demandeurs, de quantités cédées et achetées, d'accroissement de profit des producteurs,... par rapport à un modèle basé sur les estimations en coupe.

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine C. Benjamin & Herve Guyomard, 1997. "Production rights market : some analysis problems [Quelques difficultés d'analyse d'un marché des droits à produire]," Post-Print hal-02840513, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02840513
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02840513
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stavins Robert N., 1995. "Transaction Costs and Tradeable Permits," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 133-148, September.
    2. Hervé Guyomard & Xavier Delache & Xavier Irz & Louis‐Pascal Mane, 1996. "A Microeconometric Analysis Of Milk Quota Transfer: Application To French Producers," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1‐4), pages 206-223, January.
    3. A. Barkaoui, & J. P. Butault & H. Guyomard, 1997. "Mobilité des droits à produire dans l'Union européenne : Conséquences d'un marché des quotas laitiers à l'échelle régionale, nationale ou communautaire," Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 44, pages 5-28.
    4. Alston, Julian M., 1981. "A Note on the Effects of Non-Transferable Quotas on Supply Functions," Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 49(03), pages 1-9, December.
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