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Investissement public et sécurité alimentaire au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Équilibre Général Calculable dynamique

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  • P Zidouemba

    (UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Françoise Gérard

Abstract

Cet article analyse les raisons des faibles performances dans la lutte contre l'insécurité alimentaire et la pauvreté au Burkina Faso malgré les performances macroéconomiques enregistrées par le pays au cours des dernières décennies. Il analyse ensuite, à l'aide d'un modèle d'Équilibre Général Calculable, la capacité d'un investissement public dans l'agriculture à améliorer la situation actuelle des pauvres. Plusieurs éléments se conjuguent pour expliquer la persistance de la pauvreté et de l'insécurité alimentaire : la forte croissance démographique qui implique une faible croissance du PIB (Produit Intérieur Brut) par tête ; la faible contribution de l'agriculture à la croissance globale ; la persistance d'un chômage urbain ; et une répartition des fruits de la croissance peu favorable aux pauvres. L'investissement public dans l'agriculture, en augmentant la productivité dans les activités agricoles, permet des progrès en milieu rural et surtout en milieu urbain. Mots-clés : sécurité alimentaire, trappe à pauvreté, investissement public, Équilibre Général Calculable, Burkina Faso Abstract-This paper analyses the reasons for the weak results in fighting against food insecurity and poverty in Burkina Faso, despite the country's good macroeconomic performances recorded in recent decades. It then analyses, using a Computable General Equilibrium model, the ability of a public investment in agriculture to improve the current situation of the poor. Several combined factors explain the persistence of poverty and food insecurity: high population growth which implies a weak growth in GDP per capita; the low contribution of agriculture to overall growth; a continuing high unemployment in urban areas; and a distribution of the benefits of the growth less favorable to the poor. Public investment in agriculture, by raising productivity in agricultural activities, allows progress in rural areas but especially in urban areas.

Suggested Citation

  • P Zidouemba & Françoise Gérard, 2015. "Investissement public et sécurité alimentaire au Burkina Faso : une analyse en Équilibre Général Calculable dynamique," Post-Print hal-01885103, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01885103
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01885103v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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