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Tendencias recientes en la situación laboral de los jóvenes en Colombia: diagnóstico, desafíos y retos de política pública

Author

Listed:
  • Andrés Ham

    ()

  • Darío Maldonado

    ()

  • Carlos Santiago Guzmán-Gutiérrez

    ()

Abstract

Resumen Este trabajo describe la situación laboral de los jóvenes colombianos durante la última década. Calculamos indicadores laborales para personas entre 14-28 años durante el periodo 2008-2017 utilizando microdatos de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH). Usando esta información, documentamos los principales patrones y tendencias en los indicadores laborales de este grupo etario, incluyendo participación laboral, empleo, desempleo, informalidad y salarios. Comparamos estos resultados para jóvenes con los mismos indicadores para la población adulta (definida como personas entre 29-65 años) y exploramos diferencias entre jóvenes en términos de género, región, nivel educativo, estrato y nivel de experiencia. Los resultados indican que los jóvenes han aumentado su vinculación al mercado de trabajo, aunque mayormente en empleos de baja calidad: no asalariados e informales. Identificamos que algunos jóvenes son más vulnerables que otros en el mercado laboral. Las políticas laborales juveniles han generado ganancias durante la ultima década, pero se requieren esfuerzos adicionales para generar mas y mejores empleos para los jóvenes colombianos. ****** Abstract This paper describes the youth labor market in Colombia during the past decade. We calculate labor market indicators for young people aged between 14-28 years using microdata from the Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH, for its acronym in Spanish) over the period 2008-2017. These estimates help document the main patterns and trends in the labor market for youth in labor force participation, employment, unemployment, informality, and earnings. We compare these outcomes to the same indicators for adults (defined as people between the ages of 29-65 years). Additionally, we explore differences within youth labor market outcomes by gender, region, educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and experience. Our results indicate that young Colombians have greater labor market attachment, mostly in low quality jobs: unsalaried and informal. We identify that some youths are more vulnerable than others. While recent labor policy has provided some gains, further efforts are required to create new and better jobs for Colombian youths.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés Ham & Darío Maldonado & Carlos Santiago Guzmán-Gutiérrez, 2019. "Tendencias recientes en la situación laboral de los jóvenes en Colombia: diagnóstico, desafíos y retos de política pública," Documentos de trabajo 017569, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017569
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    Keywords

    Juventud; mercado laboral; transición al mercado laboral; política laboral; ColombiaYouth; labor market; transition into the labor market; labor policy; Colombia;

    JEL classification:

    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements

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