IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/boe/boeewp/0916.html

Interactions of capital and liquidity requirements: a review of the literature

Author

Listed:
  • Quynh-Anh Vo

    (Bank of England)

Abstract

One prominent feature of the regulatory framework put in place after the global financial crisis of 2008 is its reliance on multiple regulatory metrics, which has prompted new research on the interactions between them. This paper reviews the growing literature on the interactions between capital and liquidity requirements – the two primary requirements of the Basel III framework – with the focus on what the literature conveys on the extent to which capital and liquidity requirements are substitutes or complements. The paper also identifies gaps for further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Quynh-Anh Vo, 2021. "Interactions of capital and liquidity requirements: a review of the literature," Bank of England working papers 916, Bank of England.
    • Handle: RePEc:boe:boeewp:0916
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/working-paper/2021/interactions-of-capital-and-liquidity-requirements-a-review-of-the-literature.pdf
    File Function: Full text
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Antoine Lallour & Hitoshi Mio, 2016. "Do we need a stable funding ratio? Banks’ funding in the global financial crisis," Bank of England working papers 602, Bank of England.
    2. Stephen Morris & Hyun Song Shin, 2016. "Illiquidity Component Of Credit Risk," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 57, pages 1135-1148, November.
    3. Diane Pierret, 2015. "Systemic Risk and the Solvency-Liquidity Nexus of Banks," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 11(3), pages 193-227, June.
    4. Ikeda, Daisuke, 2024. "Bank runs, prudential tools and social welfare in a global game general equilibrium model," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    5. Aldasoro, Iñaki & Delli Gatti, Domenico & Faia, Ester, 2017. "Bank networks: Contagion, systemic risk and prudential policy," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 164-188.
    6. de Bandt, Olivier & Lecarpentier, Sandrine & Pouvelle, Cyril, 2021. "Determinants of banks’ liquidity: A French perspective on interactions between market and regulatory requirements," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    7. Gazi I. Kara & S. Mehmet Ozsoy, 2016. "Bank regulation under fire sale externalities," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2016-026, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    8. Xavier Vives, 2014. "Strategic Complementarity, Fragility, and Regulation," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(12), pages 3547-3592.
    9. Jonathan Smith & Gerardo Ferrara & Francesc Rodriguez, 2018. "The impact of the leverage ratio on client clearing," Bank of England working papers 735, Bank of England.
    10. Fabiana Gomez & Quynh-Anh Vo, 2020. "Liquidity management, fire sale and liquidity crises in banking: the role of leverage," Bank of England working papers 894, Bank of England.
    11. Thomas M. Eisenbach & Todd Keister & James J. McAndrews & Tanju Yorulmazer, 2014. "Stability of funding models: an analytical framework," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, issue Feb, pages 29-47.
    12. DeYoung, Robert & Distinguin, Isabelle & Tarazi, Amine, 2018. "The joint regulation of bank liquidity and bank capital," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 32-46.
    13. Neeltje Van Horen & Antonis Kotidis, 2018. "Repo market functioning: the role of capital regulation," Bank of England working papers 746, Bank of England.
    14. Rodrigo Cifuentes & Hyun Song Shin & Gianluigi Ferrucci, 2005. "Liquidity Risk and Contagion," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 3(2-3), pages 556-566, 04/05.
    15. Iana Liadze & Ray Barrell & Professor E. Philip Davis, 2010. "The impact of global imbalances: Does the current account balance help to predict banking crises in OECD countries?," National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR) Discussion Papers 351, National Institute of Economic and Social Research.
    16. Viral Acharya & Robert Engle & Matthew Richardson, 2012. "Capital Shortfall: A New Approach to Ranking and Regulating Systemic Risks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(3), pages 59-64, May.
    17. Behn, Markus & Daminato, Claudio & Salleo, Carmelo, 2019. "A dynamic model of bank behaviour under multiple regulatory constraints," Working Paper Series 2233, European Central Bank.
    18. Milgrom, Paul & Roberts, John, 1995. "Complementarities and fit strategy, structure, and organizational change in manufacturing," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2-3), pages 179-208, April.
    19. Òscar Jordà & Björn Richter & Moritz Schularick & Alan M Taylor, 2021. "Bank Capital Redux: Solvency, Liquidity, and Crisis," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 88(1), pages 260-286.
    20. Adrian, Tobias & Boyarchenko, Nina, 2018. "Liquidity policies and systemic risk," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 35(PB), pages 45-60.
    21. Jonathan Acosta-Smith & Guillaume Arnould & Kristoffer Milonas & Quynh-Anh Vo, 2019. "Capital and liquidity interaction in banking," Bank of England working papers 840, Bank of England.
    22. Martin Brooke & Oliver Bush & Robert Edwards & Jas Ellis & Bill Francis & Rashmi Harimohan & Katharine Neiss & Caspar Siegert, 2015. "Financial Stability Paper No. 35: Measuring the macroeconomic costs and benefits of higher UK bank capital requirements -," Bank of England Financial Stability Papers 35, Bank of England.
    23. Vazquez, Francisco & Federico, Pablo, 2015. "Bank funding structures and risk: Evidence from the global financial crisis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 1-14.
    24. David Aikman & Andrew Haldane & Marc Hinterschweiger & Sujit Kapadia, 2018. "Rethinking financial stability," Bank of England working papers 712, Bank of England.
    25. Iana Liadze & Ray Barrell & Professor E. Philip Davis, 2010. "The impact of global imbalances: Does the current account balance help to predict banking crises in OECD countries?," National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR) Discussion Papers 351, National Institute of Economic and Social Research.
    26. Gianni De Nicolò & Andrea Gamba & Marcella Lucchetta, 2014. "Microprudential Regulation in a Dynamic Model of Banking," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(7), pages 2097-2138.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eddie Gerba & Petros Katsoulis, 2021. "The repo market under Basel III," Bank of England working papers 954, Bank of England.
    2. Laurent Clerc & Sandrine Lecarpentier & Cyril Pouvelle, 2025. "Basel III joint regulatory constraints: interactions and implications for the financing of the economy," Working papers 988, Banque de France.
    3. Ikeda, Daisuke, 2024. "Bank runs, prudential tools and social welfare in a global game general equilibrium model," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ambrocio, Gene & Hasan, Iftekhar & Jokivuolle, Esa & Ristolainen, Kim, 2020. "Are bank capital requirements optimally set? Evidence from researchers’ views," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    2. Ellis, Scott & Sharma, Satish & Brzeszczyński, Janusz, 2022. "Systemic risk measures and regulatory challenges," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    3. Gersbach, Hans & Haller, Hans & Zelzner, Sebastian, 2023. "Enough liquidity with enough capital - And vice versa?," CFS Working Paper Series 714, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    4. David Aikman & Andrew Haldane & Marc Hinterschweiger & Sujit Kapadia, 2018. "Rethinking financial stability," Bank of England working papers 712, Bank of England.
    5. Ananou, Foly & Chronopoulos, Dimitris K. & Tarazi, Amine & Wilson, John O.S., 2021. "Liquidity regulation and bank lending," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    6. Bonner, Clemens & Wedow, Michael & Budnik, Katarzyna & Koban, Anne & Kok, Christoffer & Laliotis, Dimitrios & Meller, Barbara & Melo, Ana Sofia & Moldovan, Iulia & Schmitz, Stefan & Couaillier, Cyril , 2018. "Systemic liquidity concept, measurement and macroprudential instruments," Occasional Paper Series 214, European Central Bank.
    7. Marcus Buckmann & Paula Gallego Marquez & Mariana Gimpelewicz & Sujit Kapadia & Katie Rismanchi, 2021. "The more the merrier? Evidence from the global financial crisis on the value of multiple requirements in bank regulation," Bank of England working papers 905, Bank of England.
    8. Marwan Alzoubi, 2025. "Liquidity funding and lending in MENA," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 26(3), pages 464-473, September.
    9. Adi Mordel, 2018. "Prudential Liquidity Regulation in Banking-A Literature Review," Discussion Papers 18-8, Bank of Canada.
    10. Andersen, Henrik & Juelsrud, Ragnar Enger, 2024. "Optimal capital adequacy ratios for banks," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 5(2).
    11. Covi, Giovanni & Gorpe, Mehmet Ziya & Kok, Christoffer, 2021. "CoMap: Mapping Contagion in the Euro Area Banking Sector," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    12. Ikeda, Daisuke, 2024. "Bank runs, prudential tools and social welfare in a global game general equilibrium model," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    13. Martin Birn & Olivier de Bandt & Simon Firestone & Matías Gutiérrez Girault & Diana Hancock & Tord Krogh & Hitoshi Mio & Donald P. Morgan & Ajay Palvia & Valerio Scalone & Michael Straughan & Arzu Ulu, 2020. "The Costs and Benefits of Bank Capital—A Review of the Literature," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-25, April.
    14. de Bandt, Olivier & Lecarpentier, Sandrine & Pouvelle, Cyril, 2021. "Determinants of banks’ liquidity: A French perspective on interactions between market and regulatory requirements," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    15. Roman Garcia & Dimitri Lorenzani & Daniel Monteiro & Francesco Perticari & Bořek Vašíček & Lukas Vogel, 2021. "Financial Spillover and Contagion Risks in the Euro Area in 2007-2019," European Economy - Discussion Papers 137, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    16. Población García, Francisco Javier & Suárez, Nuria, 2025. "A study on the interaction of capital, liquidity and bank stability," Working Paper Series 3134, European Central Bank.
    17. André F Silva, 2019. "Strategic Liquidity Mismatch and Financial Sector Stability," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(12), pages 4696-4733.
    18. Laurent Clerc & Sandrine Lecarpentier & Cyril Pouvelle, 2025. "Basel III joint regulatory constraints: interactions and implications for the financing of the economy," Working papers 988, Banque de France.
    19. Tobias Adrian, 2015. "Discussion of “Systemic Risk and the Solvency-Liquidity Nexus of Banks”," Staff Reports 722, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    20. Hibiki Ichiue & Jean-Guillaume Sahuc & Yasin Mimir & Jolan Mohimont & Kalin Nikolov & Olivier de Bandt & Sigrid Roehrs & Valério Scalone & Michael Straughan & Bora Durdu, 2022. "Assessing the Impact of Basel III: Evidence from Structural Macroeconomic Models," Working Papers hal-04159816, HAL.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:boe:boeewp:0916. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Research (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/boegvuk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.