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Labor market consequences of trade openness and competition in foreign markets

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  • Chiquiar, Daniel
  • Covarrubias, Enrique
  • Salcedo, Alejandrina

Abstract

We analyze the labor market consequences of international trade, using the evidence provided by the behavior of Mexican labor markets after the introduction of NAFTA in the nineties and the accession of China to the WTO in 2001. Following an approach close to that proposed by Autor, Dorn and Hanson (2013), we use the local market variation on exposure to international markets to identify the effects of these events. We show that changes in market access and in competition in foreign markets that Mexico has faced have had a significant impact on unemployment, employment, and wages. In particular, NAFTA integration seems to have boosted manufacturing employment and overall wages, while enhanced Chinese competition tended to have the opposite effect. Additionally, we find that the labor market responses to international trade are heterogeneous across regions in the country, being significantly stronger in the regions closer to the US border.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiquiar, Daniel & Covarrubias, Enrique & Salcedo, Alejandrina, 2016. "Labor market consequences of trade openness and competition in foreign markets," Conference papers 332760, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:pugtwp:332760
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    Cited by:

    1. López Noria Gabriela, 2021. "Effects of Trade and Technology on the Mexican Labor Market," Working Papers 2021-22, Banco de México.
    2. Cristina Fernández & Leonardo Villar & Nicolás Gómez, 2017. "Taxonomía de la informalidad en América Latina," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 47(1 y 2), pages 137-167, December.
    3. Giuntella, Osea & Rieger, Matthias & Rotunno, Lorenzo, 2020. "Weight gains from trade in foods: Evidence from Mexico," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    4. Fonseca Felipe J. & Llamosas-Rosas Irving & Rangel González Erick, 2018. "Economic Liberalization and External Shocks. The Hypothesis of Convergence for the Mexican States, 1994-2015," Working Papers 2018-26, Banco de México.
    5. Fernández Guerrico, Sofía, 2021. "The effects of trade-induced worker displacement on health and mortality in Mexico," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    6. Gómez-Zaldívar, Manuel & Mosqueda, Marco T. & Duran, Jazmin A., 2017. "Localization of manufacturing industries and specialization in Mexican states: 1993–2013," MPRA Paper 76510, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Cebreros Alfonso & Heffner-Rodríguez Aldo & Livas René & Puggioni Daniela, 2020. "Automation Technologies and Employment at Risk: The Case of Mexico," Working Papers 2020-04, Banco de México.
    8. Manuel Gómez‐Zaldívar & Alejandra Llanos‐Guerrero, 2021. "On the synchronization of the business cycles of Mexican states and its relationship to their economic complexity, 2000–2014," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(3), pages 1576-1592, September.
    9. Brenda Murillo-Villanueva. & Yolanda Carbajal Suárez. & Leobardo de Jesús Almonte., 2021. "Desigualdad salarial en los subsectores manufactureros en México, 2007-2018. (Wage Inequality in Mexico’s Manufacture, 2007-2018)," Ensayos Revista de Economia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Economia, vol. 0(1), pages 29-54, May.
    10. Juan Blyde & Matias Busso & Kyunglin Park & Dario Romero, 2023. "Short‐ and long‐run labor market adjustment to import competition," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 1552-1569, September.
    11. Rivadeneira Alex, 2023. "Unconditional Convergence in the Mexican Manufacturing Sector (1988-2018)," Working Papers 2023-06, Banco de México.
    12. Puggioni Daniela & Calderón Mariana & Cebreros Alfonso & Fernández León & Inguanzo José A. & Jaume David, 2022. "Inequality, Income Dynamics, and Transitions of Mexican Workers," Working Papers 2022-14, Banco de México.
    13. Melissa Dell & Benjamin Feigenberg & Kensuke Teshima, 2019. "The Violent Consequences of Trade-Induced Worker Displacement in Mexico," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 1(1), pages 43-58, June.
    14. Puigvert Jonathan & Juárez-Torres Miriam, 2019. "Labour Force Participation and the Business Cycle in Mexico," Working Papers 2019-04, Banco de México.
    15. Raymond Robertson & Timothy J. Halliday & Sindhu Vasireddy, 2020. "Labour market adjustment to third‐party competition: Evidence from Mexico," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(7), pages 1977-2006, July.
    16. Raphael Auer & Barthélémy Bonadio & Andrei A Levchenko, 2018. "The economics of revoking NAFTA," BIS Working Papers 739, Bank for International Settlements.
    17. Sofía Fernández Guerrico, 2023. "Trade Shocks, Population Growth, and Migration," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/357236, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labor and Human Capital;

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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