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Farming Adaptation to Environmental Change in Coastal Bangladesh: Shrimp Culture versus Crop Diversification

Author

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  • Kabir, Md. Jahangir
  • Cramb, Rob
  • Alauddin, Mohammad

Abstract

Farming in coastal Bangladesh includes rice/shrimp and rice/non-rice cropping systems. The former has been highly profitable but has exacerbated salinization of soil and water. We evaluate the relative profitability, riskiness, and sustainability of the two cropping systems, using data from two coastal villages in Khulna District. Shrimp cultivation was initially very rewarding. However, over 12-15 years the cropping system experienced declining profitability, increased salinity, and adverse impacts on rice cropping and the local environment. From 2009, farmers adapted the system by changing the pond (gher) infrastructure, adopting delayed planting of a saline-tolerant rice cultivar, flushing out accumulated salt with freshwater during rice cropping, and allowing the soil to dry out after harvesting rice. The budgeting results show that, with current management practices, the rice/shrimp system is economically more viable (higher returns to land and labour and less risky) than the rice/non-rice system. Soil analyses showed that, while salinity was higher in the gher during the dry season, it was significantly reduced in the wet season and was very similar between the two systems (1-2 dS/m). Hence, as well as being more profitable and less risky, the rice/shrimp system may well be more sustainable than previously observed.

Suggested Citation

  • Kabir, Md. Jahangir & Cramb, Rob & Alauddin, Mohammad, 2015. "Farming Adaptation to Environmental Change in Coastal Bangladesh: Shrimp Culture versus Crop Diversification," 2015 Conference (59th), February 10-13, 2015, Rotorua, New Zealand 202981, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aare15:202981
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.202981
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jean-Paul Chavas & Robert G. Chambers & Rulon D. Pope, 2010. "Production Economics and Farm Management: a Century of Contributions," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 92(2), pages 356-375.
    2. Lien, Gudbrand, 2003. "Assisting whole-farm decision-making through stochastic budgeting," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 399-413, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abu Nasar Abdullah & Bronwyn Myers & Natasha Stacey & Kerstin K. Zander & Stephen T. Garnett, 2017. "The impact of the expansion of shrimp aquaculture on livelihoods in coastal Bangladesh," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(5), pages 2093-2114, October.
    2. Arifa Sharmin & Mahmood Hossain, 2023. "Do the Soil's Physiochemical Properties Fluctuate with Season and Soil Depth in the Ecological Critical Areas (ECA) of Sundarbans, Bangladesh?," Journal of Agriculture and Crops, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 9(1), pages 9-19, 01-2023.
    3. Esfandiari, Mehdi & Mirzaei Khalilabad, Hamid R. & Boshrabadi, Hossien Mehrabi & Mehrjerdi, Mohmmad R. Zare, 2020. "Factors influencing the use of adaptation strategies to climate change in paddy lands of Kamfiruz, Iran," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).

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    Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics;
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