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Consolidation in US banking: Which banks engage in mergers?

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  • David C Wheelock
  • Paul W Wilson

Abstract

The number of U.S. commercial banks has declined by some 40% since 1984, primarily through mergers of solvent institutions. The relaxation of legal impediments to branching has enabled this consolidation, but specific characteristics of banks that engage in mergers reflect the regulatory process and market structure, as well as the bank's own condition. This paper seeks to quantify the regulatory, market, and financial characteristics that affect the probability of a bank engaging in mergers and the volume of banks it absorbs over time. We examine separately consolidation within holding companies and mergers of independent banks.

Suggested Citation

  • David C Wheelock & Paul W Wilson, 2004. "Consolidation in US banking: Which banks engage in mergers?," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(1-2), pages 7-39.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:revfec:v:13:y:2004:i:1-2:p:7-39
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rfe.2003.09.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David C. Wheelock & Paul W. Wilso, 2005. "The Contribution of On‐Site Examination Ratings to an Empirical Model of Bank Failures," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 4(4), pages 110-133, April.
    2. Wheelock, David C. & Wilson, Paul W., 2001. "New evidence on returns to scale and product mix among U.S. commercial banks," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 653-674, June.
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    6. Berger, Allen N. & Demsetz, Rebecca S. & Strahan, Philip E., 1999. "The consolidation of the financial services industry: Causes, consequences, and implications for the future," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(2-4), pages 135-194, February.
    7. David C. Wheelock & Paul W. Wilson, 2000. "Why do Banks Disappear? The Determinants of U.S. Bank Failures and Acquisitions," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 82(1), pages 127-138, February.
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