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Are energy‐poor households also poor? Evidence from Ghana

Author

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  • Frank Adusah‐Poku
  • Kwame Adjei‐Mantey
  • Paul A. Kwakwa

Abstract

Poverty and energy poverty are parts of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The former has been extensively covered in the literature, whereas the latter has not been given the necessary attention until the last decade. In this paper, we use multidimensional measures of energy poverty and poverty to ascertain whether energy‐poor households are also poor, and vice versa. In addition, the study seeks to examine the factors responsible for poverty and energy poverty. This paper uses data sets constructed from the two most recent nationwide household surveys in Ghana (GLSS VI and GLSS VII samples). We find substantial differences in the incidence and index of multidimensional energy poverty and multidimensional poverty by subgroup demographic characteristics. Further, we find that households belong to different categories of poverty and energy poverty status. Our multinomial regression results reveal that household size, marital status, educational background, residential area, age, employment, and gender significantly predict the household's multidimensional poverty and energy poverty status. We recommend massive investment in renewable energy, to make cleaner energy readily available for Ghanaians. In addition, the Ghanaian government should pursue sustainable employment and job creation avenues, directed toward an improved standard of living for the population. 贫困和能源贫困是部分可持续发展目标(SDGs)。文献已广泛研究了贫困,但对能源贫困的研究直到过去十年里才被给予必要关注。本文中,我们使用多维度能源贫困法和多维度贫困法,以确定能源匮乏的家庭是否是贫困的,还是相反。此外,本文试图分析造成贫困和能源贫困的各因素。本文使用由两个最近期的加纳全国家庭调查(GLSS VI 和GLSS VII样本)组成的数据集。我们发现,多维度能源贫困和多维度贫困的发生率及指标会因亚群体人口特征的不同而出现显著差异。此外,我们发现,各家庭属于贫困和能源贫困状态的不同类别。我们的多项回归(multinomial regression)结果显示,家庭大小、婚姻状况、教育背景、居住地区、年龄、就业、和性别显著预测了家庭的多维度贫困和能源贫困状态。我们建议对可再生能源进行大力投资,以期为加纳人提供更清洁的可用能源。此外,加纳政府应追求可持续的就业和工作岗位创造手段,以提高人民的生活标准。 La pobreza y la pobreza energética son parte de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). El primero se ha cubierto extensamente en la literatura, mientras que el segundo no ha recibido la atención necesaria hasta la última década. En este documento, utilizamos medidas multidimensionales de pobreza energética y pobreza para determinar si los hogares pobres en energía también lo son, y viceversa. Además, el estudio busca examinar los factores responsables de la pobreza y la pobreza energética. Este documento utiliza conjuntos de datos elaborados a partir de las dos encuestas de hogares nacionales más recientes en Ghana (muestras GLSS VI y GLSS VII). Encontramos diferencias sustanciales en la incidencia y el índice de pobreza energética multidimensional y pobreza multidimensional por características demográficas de subgrupos. Además, encontramos que los hogares pertenecen a diferentes categorías del estado de pobreza y pobreza energética. Los resultados de nuestra regresión multinomial revelan que el tamaño del hogar, el estado civil, los antecedentes educativos, el área residencial, la edad, el empleo y el género predicen significativamente la pobreza multidimensional y el estado de pobreza energética del hogar. Recomendamos una inversión masiva en energía renovable, a fin de que la energía más limpia esté disponible para los ghaneses. Además, el gobierno de Ghana debería buscar vías de empleo y creación de empleo sostenibles, dirigidas a mejorar el nivel de vida de la población.

Suggested Citation

  • Frank Adusah‐Poku & Kwame Adjei‐Mantey & Paul A. Kwakwa, 2021. "Are energy‐poor households also poor? Evidence from Ghana," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 13(1), pages 32-58, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:32-58
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.301
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