IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/jfutmk/v46y2026i4p719-737.html

Energy‐Related Discussion in Fed Speeches and Options‐Implied Equity Risk Premium

Author

Listed:
  • Alok Dixit
  • Sanchit Jain
  • Brian Lucey
  • Jalaj Pathak

Abstract

Using options‐implied equity risk premium, this study examines how financial markets price the uncertainty associated with the energy‐related discussions in Federal Reserve speeches. The study quantifies key aspects of such discussions and examines their impact on the equity risk premium and market volatility. Our findings demonstrate that the proportion of energy‐related content in Fed speeches is positively associated with both ERP and market volatility. We uncover that a dovish tone in these discussions mitigates the uncertainty surrounding energy‐related concerns and reduces market volatility. These findings highlight the importance of energy‐related communication in Fed speeches—an understudied channel of Fed communication.

Suggested Citation

  • Alok Dixit & Sanchit Jain & Brian Lucey & Jalaj Pathak, 2026. "Energy‐Related Discussion in Fed Speeches and Options‐Implied Equity Risk Premium," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 46(4), pages 719-737, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:46:y:2026:i:4:p:719-737
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.70078
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.70078
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/fut.70078?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wen, Jun & Zhang, Sen & Chang, Chun-Ping & Anugrah, Donni Fajar & Affandi, Yoga, 2023. "Does climate vulnerability promote green investment under energy supply restriction?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    2. Chen, Xia & Fu, Qiang & Chang, Chun-Ping, 2021. "What are the shocks of climate change on clean energy investment: A diversified exploration," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    3. Darwin Choi & Zhenyu Gao & Wenxi Jiang, 2020. "Attention to Global Warming," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1112-1145.
    4. Hansen, Stephen & McMahon, Michael, 2016. "Shocking language: Understanding the macroeconomic effects of central bank communication," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(S1), pages 114-133.
    5. Savor, Pavel & Wilson, Mungo, 2013. "How Much Do Investors Care About Macroeconomic Risk? Evidence from Scheduled Economic Announcements," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(2), pages 343-375, April.
    6. Jahangir Sultan, 2005. "Information content of the fed funds rates," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(8), pages 753-774, August.
    7. Smales, L.A. & Apergis, N., 2017. "Understanding the impact of monetary policy announcements: The importance of language and surprises," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 33-50.
    8. Ehrmann, Michael & Fratzscher, Marcel, 2004. "Taking stock: monetary policy transmission to equity markets," Working Paper Series 354, European Central Bank.
    9. Carlo Rosa, 2014. "Municipal Bonds and Monetary Policy: Evidence from the Fed Funds Futures Market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(5), pages 434-450, May.
    10. Hubert, Paul & Labondance, Fabien, 2021. "The signaling effects of central bank tone," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    11. Sami Vähämaa & Janne Äijö, 2011. "The Fed's policy decisions and implied volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(10), pages 995-1010, October.
    12. Cohen, Shira & Kadach, Igor & Ormazabal, Gaizka, 2023. "Institutional investors, climate disclosure, and carbon emissions," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(2).
    13. Schmeling, Maik & Wagner, Christian, 2019. "Does Central Bank Tone Move Asset Prices?," CEPR Discussion Papers 13490, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    14. Christensen, Hans & Hales, Jeffrey & O'Dwyer, Brendan & Peecher, Mark E., 2024. "Accounting for sustainability and climate change: Special section overview," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    15. Demiralp, Selva & Jorda, Oscar, 2004. "The Response of Term Rates to Fed Announcements," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(3), pages 387-405, June.
    16. Viet Anh Dang & Ning Gao & Tiancheng Yu, 2023. "Climate Policy Risk and Corporate Financial Decisions: Evidence from the NO x Budget Trading Program," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(12), pages 7517-7539, December.
    17. Lutz Kilian, 2008. "The Economic Effects of Energy Price Shocks," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 46(4), pages 871-909, December.
    18. David O. Lucca & Francesco Trebbi, 2009. "Measuring Central Bank Communication: An Automated Approach with Application to FOMC Statements," NBER Working Papers 15367, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Savor, Pavel & Wilson, Mungo, 2014. "Asset pricing: A tale of two days," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(2), pages 171-201.
    20. Clarkson, Peter M. & Li, Yue & Richardson, Gordon D. & Vasvari, Florin P., 2008. "Revisiting the relation between environmental performance and environmental disclosure: An empirical analysis," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 33(4-5), pages 303-327.
    21. Jang, Hyeonung & Seo, Byoung Ki, 2020. "Monetary policy rate expectation and energy prices during the FOMC announcement period," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    22. Tim Loughran & Bill Mcdonald, 2011. "When Is a Liability Not a Liability? Textual Analysis, Dictionaries, and 10‐Ks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 35-65, February.
    23. Huynh, Thanh D. & Xia, Ying, 2021. "Climate Change News Risk and Corporate Bond Returns," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 56(6), pages 1985-2009, September.
    24. Torsten Ehlers & Frank Packer & Kathrin de Greiff, 2022. "The pricing of carbon risk in syndicated loans: which risks are priced and why?," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Statistics for Sustainable Finance, volume 56, Bank for International Settlements.
    25. Kurov, Alexander & Stan, Raluca, 2018. "Monetary policy uncertainty and the market reaction to macroeconomic news," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 127-142.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Andreas Neuhierl & Michael Weber & Michael Weber, 2017. "Monetary Momentum," CESifo Working Paper Series 6648, CESifo.
    2. Istrefi, Klodiana & Odendahl, Florens & Sestieri, Giulia, 2023. "Fed communication on financial stability concerns and monetary policy decisions: Revelations from speeches," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Baranowski, Pawel & Bennani, Hamza & Doryń, Wirginia, 2021. "Do the ECB's introductory statements help predict monetary policy? Evidence from a tone analysis," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    4. Fadda, Pietro & Hanifi, Rayane & Istrefi, Klodiana & Penalver, Adrian, 2025. "Central bank communication of uncertainty," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Anand, Abhinav & Basu, Sankarshan & Pathak, Jalaj & Thampy, Ashok, 2021. "The impact of sentiment on emerging stock markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 161-177.
    6. Parle, Conor, 2022. "The financial market impact of ECB monetary policy press conferences — A text based approach," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    7. Bodilsen, Simon & Eriksen, Jonas N. & Grønborg, Niels S., 2021. "Asset pricing and FOMC press conferences," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    8. Anastasiou, Dimitris & Krokida, Styliani-Iris & Tsouknidis, Dimitris & Drakos, Konstantinos, 2023. "Can the tone of central bankers’ speeches discourage potential bank borrowers in the Eurozone?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    9. Niţoi, Mihai & Pochea, Maria-Miruna & Radu, Ştefan-Constantin, 2023. "Unveiling the sentiment behind central bank narratives: A novel deep learning index," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    10. Schmeling, Maik & Wagner, Christian, 2019. "Does Central Bank Tone Move Asset Prices?," CEPR Discussion Papers 13490, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    11. Donato Masciandaro & Davide Romelli & Gaia Rubera, 2021. "Monetary policy and financial markets: evidence from Twitter traffic," BAFFI CAREFIN Working Papers 21160, BAFFI CAREFIN, Centre for Applied Research on International Markets Banking Finance and Regulation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    12. Donato Masciandaro & Oana Peia & Davide Romelli, 2024. "Central bank communication and social media: From silence to Twitter," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(2), pages 365-388, April.
    13. Thi Thuy Trang Nguyen & Eric Owusu Boahen & Cuong Nguyen, 2026. "Climate Change Risks and Customer Concentration: Evidence From US‐Listed Firms," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(5), pages 7141-7171, July.
    14. Ying, Shan & Sheen, Jeffrey & Gu, Xin & Wang, Ben Zhe, 2025. "Does monetary policy uncertainty moderate the transmission of policy shocks to government bond yields?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    15. Mario Gonzalez & Raul Cruz Tadle, 2022. "Monetary policy press releases: an international comparison," BIS Working Papers 1023, Bank for International Settlements.
    16. Aleksandra Rutkowska & Magdalena Szyszko, 2024. "Dictionary-based sentiment analysis of monetary policy communication: on the applicability of lexicons," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(6), pages 5421-5444, December.
    17. Bennani, Hamza & Romelli, Davide, 2024. "Exploring the informativeness and drivers of tone during committee meetings: The case of the Federal Reserve," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    18. Tim Bollerslev & Jia Li & Yuan Xue, 2018. "Volume, Volatility, and Public News Announcements," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 85(4), pages 2005-2041.
    19. Baumgärtner, Martin & Zahner, Johannes, 2025. "Whatever it takes to understand a central banker — Embedding their words using neural networks," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    20. Egemen Eren & Floortje Merten & Niek Verhoeven, 2022. "Pricing of climate risks in financial markets: a summary of the literature," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 130.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:46:y:2026:i:4:p:719-737. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-7314/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.