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Wage inequality and overeducation in a model with efficiency wages

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  • Peter Skott

Abstract

. This paper shows that the existence and persistence of ‘overeducation’ can be explained by an extension of the efficiency wage model. When calibrated to fit the amounts of overeducation found in most empirical studies, the model implies that both the relative wage and the relative employment of high‐skill workers depend inversely on aggregate economic activity. Keeping aggregate employment constant, furthermore, low‐skill unemployment rises, following an increase in the relative supply of high‐skill labour, and relative wages may be insensitive to changes in relative labour supplies. The model may help to explain rising wage inequality in some countries since the early 1970s. JEL classification: J31 Inégalité des salaires et sur‐éducation dans un modèle avec salaires d’efficacité. Ce mémoire montre que l’existence et la persistance de la sur‐éducation peut être expliquée par une extension du modèle des salaires d’efficacité. Quand on calibre le modèle pour tenir compte des quantités de sur‐éducation qu’on observe dans la plupart des travaux empiriques, le modèle suggère que le salaire relatif et le niveau d’emploi relatif des travailleurs hautement qualifiés a une corrélation négative avec le niveau d’activitééconomique agrégée. Si l’on garde le niveau de chômage agrégé constant, le niveau de chômage des travailleurs moins qualifiés s’accroît à la suite d’un accroissement dans l’offre relative de travail hautement qualifié, et les salaires relatifs peuvent ne pas être sensibles aux changements dans les offres relatives de travail. Le modèle peut aider à expliquer l’inégalité croissante des salaires dans certains pays depuis le début des années 1970.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Skott, 2006. "Wage inequality and overeducation in a model with efficiency wages," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(1), pages 94-123, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:39:y:2006:i:1:p:94-123
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0008-4085.2006.00340.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Schlicht, Ekkehart, 2008. "Wage Dispersion, Over-Qualification, and Reder Competition," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 1, pages 1-22.
    2. Gilberto Tadeu Lima & Laura Carvalho, Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2018. "Human Capital Accumulation, Income Distribution and Economic Growth: A Neo-Kaleckian Analytical Framework," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2018_19, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP).
    3. Baert, Stijn & Cockx, Bart & Verhaest, Dieter, 2013. "Overeducation at the start of the career: Stepping stone or trap?," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 123-140.
    4. Peter Skott & Frederick Guy, 2005. "Power-Biased Technological Change and the Rise in Earnings Inequality," UMASS Amherst Economics Working Papers 2005-17, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Economics.
    5. Naqvi, Asjad & Stockhammer, Engelbert, 2018. "Directed Technological Change in a Post-Keynesian Ecological Macromodel," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 168-188.
    6. Fabián Slonimczyk, 2013. "Earnings inequality and skill mismatch in the U.S.: 1973–2002," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 11(2), pages 163-194, June.
    7. Wu Joseph S. K. & Ho Chi Pui, 2017. "The Shapiro-Stiglitz Model with Non-constant Marginal Utility," Open Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 1(1), pages 36-48, August.
    8. Skott, Peter & Guy, Frederick, 2007. "A model of power-biased technological change," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 124-131, April.
    9. Verhaest, Dieter & Schatteman, Tom, 2010. "Overeducation in the early career: an analysis using sequence techniques," Working Papers 2010/09, Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Economie en Management.
    10. Mary A. Silles, 2007. "Adult Education And Earnings: Evidence From Britain," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(4), pages 313-326, October.
    11. Slonimczyk, Fabián & Skott, Peter, 2012. "Employment and distribution effects of the minimum wage," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 245-264.
    12. Gustavo Pereira Serra, 2021. "The First Harrod Problem and Human Capital Formation," Working Papers 2113, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.

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    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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