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Determining the number of factors with potentially strong within-block correlations in error terms

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  • Xu Han
  • Mehmet Caner

Abstract

We develop methods to estimate the number of factors when error terms have potentially strong correlations in the cross-sectional dimension. The information criteria proposed by Bai and Ng (2002) require the cross-sectional correlations between the error terms to be weak. Violation of this weak correlation assumption may lead to inconsistent estimates of the number of factors. We establish two data-dependent estimators that are consistent whether the error terms are weakly or strongly correlated in the cross-sectional dimension. To handle potentially strong cross-sectional correlations between the error terms, we use a block structure in which the within-block correlation may either be weak or strong, but the between-block correlation is limited. Our estimators allow imperfect knowledge and a moderate misspecification of the block structure. Monte-Carlo simulation results show that our estimators perform similarly to existing methods for cases in which the conventional weak correlation assumption is satisfied. When the error terms have a strong cross-sectional correlation, our estimators outperform the existing methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu Han & Mehmet Caner, 2017. "Determining the number of factors with potentially strong within-block correlations in error terms," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(6-9), pages 946-969, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:emetrv:v:36:y:2017:i:6-9:p:946-969
    DOI: 10.1080/07474938.2017.1307599
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    Cited by:

    1. Freyaldenhoven, Simon, 2022. "Factor models with local factors — Determining the number of relevant factors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 229(1), pages 80-102.

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