Measuring an “extended view” of corporate citizenship: manifestations drawn from scale development, refinement and validation

Corporate citizenship, a strategic and sustainable management paradigm that is fundamentally meant for stakeholders, has hardly ever been scientifically measured from their stances. Also, its prescriptive character has rarely been assessed since measurement on the “extended view” of corporate citizenship has thus far remained nearly non-existent in extant literature, which this paper imparts by constructing a rigorous and parsimonious instrument based on multiple stakeholders’ alignment, i.e., customers, employees, and public representatives. To this end, a blend of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies has been employed, where the scale items have been logically partitioned, refined, and confirmed. Using the split-sample examination, two studies are undertaken with different datasets of developmental and validation samples (Nstudy1 = 405 and Nstudy2 = 405). It has been accordingly advanced in terms of 19 items and three dimensions, viz., economic citizenship, socio-ethical citizenship, and cosmopolitan citizenship, which are extracted by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and supported by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Moreover, another dataset (Nstudy3 = 868) has also been used to confirm the second-order model. This operationalization, thus, in theory, will reinforce the putative conceptualization of extended corporate citizenship as well as broaden its empirical sphere. Also, it will be utilized as a tactical tool in corporate praxis for gauging stakeholders’ viewpoints on extended, or to say, real corporate citizenship.