IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/lsprsc/v17y2024i1d10.1007_s12076-023-00366-4.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Status and determinants of crop diversification: evidence from Indian States

Author

Listed:
  • Chinmaya Ranjan Kumar

    (Utkal University)

  • Chittaranjan Nayak

    (Guru Ghasidas University)

  • Ashis Kumar Pradhan

    (Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Crop diversification is indispensable for the development of Indian agriculture. The present paper examines the cropping pattern and status of crop diversification across 28 Indian states. It uses a balanced panel for the period 2000-01 to 2015-16 for all the states and deploys a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to identify the determinants of crop diversification. The paper observes that diversification is higher in the southern and western parts of India than in the northern and eastern parts. The analysis finds that cropping intensity, gross state domestic product, rural road density, and operational holding have led to crop diversification. In contrast, credit, fertilizer, irrigation intensity, and electricity have led to crop concentration. Overall findings endorse crop diversification promotion to improve the livelihood and farm-level output at the macro level.

Suggested Citation

  • Chinmaya Ranjan Kumar & Chittaranjan Nayak & Ashis Kumar Pradhan, 2024. "Status and determinants of crop diversification: evidence from Indian States," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:lsprsc:v:17:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s12076-023-00366-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s12076-023-00366-4
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12076-023-00366-4
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s12076-023-00366-4?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Birthal, Pratap S. & Hazrana, Jaweriah & Negi, Digvijay S., 2020. "Diversification in Indian agriculture towards high value crops: Multilevel determinants and policy implications," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    2. Birthal, Pratap S. & Hazrana, Jaweriah, 2019. "Crop diversification and resilience of agriculture to climatic shocks: Evidence from India," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 345-354.
    3. Lighton Dube, 2016. "Factors Influencing Smallholder Crop Diversification: A Case Study of Manicaland and Masvingo Provinces in Zimbabwe," International Journal of Regional Development, Macrothink Institute, vol. 3(2), pages 1-1, December.
    4. Basantaray, A.K. & Nancharaiah, G., 2017. "Relationship between Crop Diversification and Farm Income in Odisha — An Empirical Analysis," Agricultural Economics Research Review, Agricultural Economics Research Association (India), vol. 30(Conferenc).
    5. Singh, N.P. & Kumar, Ranjit & Singh, R.P., 2006. "Diversification of Indian Agriculture: Composition, Determinants and Trade Implications," Agricultural Economics Research Review, Agricultural Economics Research Association (India), vol. 19(Conferenc).
    6. Michler, Jeffrey D. & Josephson, Anna L., 2017. "To Specialize or Diversify: Agricultural Diversity and Poverty Dynamics in Ethiopia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 214-226.
    7. Ndip, Francis Ebai & Molua, Ernest L. & Mvodo, Meyo-Elise Stephanie & Nkendah, Robert & Djomo Choumbou, Raoul Fani & Tabetando, Rayner & Akem, Nina Fabinin, 2023. "Farmland Fragmentation, crop diversification and incomes in Cameroon, a Congo Basin country," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    8. Aheibam, Monika & Singh, Ram, 2017. "Measuring the Intensity of Factors Accelerating Crop Diversification using Heckman Two Stage Model: A Micro Level Study in thoubal District of Manipur," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 72(4), December.
    9. Suvayan Neogi & Bidyut Kumar Ghosh, 2022. "Evaluation of Crop Diversification on Indian Farming Practices: A Panel Regression Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    10. Basavaraj, N.D. & Gajanana, T.M. & Satishkumar, M., 2016. "Crop Diversification in Gadag District of Karnataka," Agricultural Economics Research Review, Agricultural Economics Research Association (India), vol. 29(01).
    11. Makate, Clifton & Angelsen, Arild & Holden, Stein Terje & Westengen, Ola Tveitereid, 2023. "Evolution of farm-level crop diversification and response to rainfall shocks in smallholder farming: Evidence from Malawi and Tanzania," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    12. Kumar, Anjani & Kumar, Pramod & Sharma, Alakh N., 2012. "Crop Diversification in Eastern India: Status and Determinants," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 67(4), pages 1-17.
    13. Shamdasani, Yogita, 2021. "Rural road infrastructure & agricultural production: Evidence from India," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    14. Sharma, H.R., 2005. "Agricultural Development and Crop Diversification in Himachal Pradesh: Understanding the Patterns, Processes, Determinants and Lessons," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 60(01), pages 1-23.
    15. Gopalappa, D. V., 1996. "Crop Diversification and Income Levels in Karimnagar District of Andhra Pradesh," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 51(3), September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Suvayan Neogi & Bidyut Kumar Ghosh, 2022. "Evaluation of Crop Diversification on Indian Farming Practices: A Panel Regression Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Sedithippa J. Balaji & Munisamy Gopinath, 2023. "Spatial growth and convergence in Indian agriculture," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 54(6), pages 761-777, November.
    3. Hayatullah Ahmadzai, 2017. "Status, patterns, and microeconomic drivers of the extent of diversity in crop production: Evidence from Afghanistan," Discussion Papers 2017-07, University of Nottingham, CREDIT.
    4. Ferry, Marin & de Montalembert, Jeanne, 2025. "Mitigating climate vulnerability: the crop diversification effect," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    5. Poonam Rani & Ajeet Kumar Sahoo, 2023. "Assessment of Productivity and Crop Diversification Pattern in Punjab Agriculture," Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice, , vol. 22(2), pages 251-270, December.
    6. Bagchi, Niladri Sekhar & Mishra, Pulak & Behera, Bhagirath, 2021. "Value chain development for linking land-constrained farmers to markets: Experience from two selected villages of West Bengal, India," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    7. Fukase, Emiko & Kim, Yeon Soo & Chiarella, Cristina, 2022. "Exploring the Sources of the Agricultural Productivity Gender Gap : Evidence from Sri Lanka," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10025, The World Bank.
    8. Jabir Ali & Ishrat Naaz & Tabassum Ali, 2024. "Does corporate social responsibility improve value-added intellectual capital efficiency in food and agribusiness firms in India?," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 93-106, March.
    9. Digvijay S. Negi & Pratap S. Birthal & Devesh Roy & Jaweriah Hazrana, 2020. "Market access, price policy and diversification in Indian agriculture," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2020-009, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    10. Nikkita Gupta & Elumalai Kannan, 2024. "Agricultural growth and crop diversification in India: a state-level analysis," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 26(3), pages 709-733, December.
    11. Maguire-Rajpaul, V.A. & Hirons, M. & Rajpaul, V.M. & Asare, R.A. & Boyd, E. & Malhi, Y. & Mason, J. & Morel, A.C. & Norris, K. & McDermott, C., 2025. "What resilience theory and praxis can learn from multi-dimensional approaches to understanding poverty: A study of Ghanaian cocoa forest landscapes," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    12. María Victoria Marinelli & Evangelina Beatriz Argüello Caro & Irene Petrosillo & Franca Giannini Kurina & Beatriz Liliana Giobellina & Carlos Marcelo Scavuzzo & Donatella Valente, 2022. "Sustainable Food Supply by Peri-Urban Diversified Farms of the Agri-Food Region of Central Córdoba, Argentina," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-18, December.
    13. Kouandou, Arouna, 2024. "Preferences for sustainable intensification: Do agricultural interventions matter? Plot-level evidence from Senegal," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    14. Fujimoto, Takefumi & Suzuki, Aya, 2025. "Different strategies of crop diversification between poor and non-poor farmers: Concepts and evidence from Tanzania," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    15. repec:ags:aaea22:335704 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Tesfaye, Wondimagegn & Tirivayi, Nyasha, 2020. "Crop diversity, household welfare and consumption smoothing under risk: Evidence from rural Uganda," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    17. Charlotte Fabri & Sam Vermeulen & Steven Van Passel & Sergei Schaub, 2024. "Crop diversification and the effect of weather shocks on Italian farmers' income and income risk," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(3), pages 955-980, September.
    18. Varun Kumar Das & A. Ganesh Kumar, 2017. "Drivers of Farmers' Income: The Role of Farm Size and Diversification," Working Papers id:12104, eSocialSciences.
    19. Shichao Yuan & Xizhuo Wang, 2024. "Increase or Reduce: How Does Rural Infrastructure Investment Affect Villagers’ Income?," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-21, December.
    20. OBISESAN, Adekemi & AWOLALA, David, 2021. "Crop Diversification, Productivity And Dietary Diversity: A Gender Perspective," Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics (RAAE), Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, vol. 24(01), March.
    21. Bu, Tao & Tang, Daisheng & Zhang, Zheng & Jiang, Chengkai, 2025. "Rural road improvement and individual health in China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • Q15 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:lsprsc:v:17:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s12076-023-00366-4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.