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Rethinking International Migration in Punjab: A Push–Pull-Mooring Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Amanpreet Kaur

    (Guru Nanak Dev University)

  • Prabhjot Kaur

    (Guru Nanak Dev University)

Abstract

The large international migration of rural youth from Punjab, India, has recently become an issue for both the state and the nation. This trend threatens the future of food security in India, as Punjab is one of the major contributors to the central rice and wheat pool. Consequently, the current study explores the determinants of youth migration using a push, pull and mooring framework based on data obtained from 367 respondents aged 18–35 years who reside in Punjab. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed for data analysis, and the structural model was validated. The results exhibited that push factors (disinterest in farming, political instability), pull factors (behavioural beliefs, social values) and mooring factors (switching costs, subjective norms) all significantly influence the migration intentions of youth. Hence, research findings will aid the government and policymakers in comprehending the primary causes of the enormous departure of youth from Punjab and in formulating strategies to address the issue. This study expands the push–pull-mooring framework by incorporating some emerging factors impacting youth’s migration intentions.

Suggested Citation

  • Amanpreet Kaur & Prabhjot Kaur, 2024. "Rethinking International Migration in Punjab: A Push–Pull-Mooring Framework," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 331-358, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joimai:v:25:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s12134-023-01077-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01077-x
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