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On Adaptive Emergence of Trust Behavior in the Game of Stag Hunt

Author

Listed:
  • Christina Fang

    (The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania)

  • Steven Orla Kimbrough

    (The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania)

  • Stefano Pace

    (School of Management University of Bocconi)

  • Annapurna Valluri

    (The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania)

  • Zhiqiang Zheng

    (The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania)

Abstract

We study the emergence of trust behavior at both the individual and the population levels. At the individual level, in contrast to prior research that views trust as fixed traits, we model the emergence of trust or cooperation as a result of trial and error learning by a computer algorithm borrowed from the field of artificial intelligence (Watkins 1989). We show that trust can indeed arise as a result of trial and error learning. Emergence of trust at the population level is modeled by a grid-world consisting of cells of individual agents, a technique known as spatialization in evolutionary game theory. We show that, under a wide range of assumptions, trusting individuals tend to take over the population and trust becomes a systematic property. At both individual and population levels, therefore, we argue that trust behaviors will often emerge as a result of learning.

Suggested Citation

  • Christina Fang & Steven Orla Kimbrough & Stefano Pace & Annapurna Valluri & Zhiqiang Zheng, 2002. "On Adaptive Emergence of Trust Behavior in the Game of Stag Hunt," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 11(6), pages 449-467, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:grdene:v:11:y:2002:i:6:d:10.1023_a:1020639132471
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1020639132471
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Waltman, L. & Kaymak, U., 2006. "A Theoretical Analysis of Cooperative Behavior in Multi-Agent Q-learning," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2006-006-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    3. Khemraj, Tarron, 2019. "Two ethnic security dilemmas and their economic origin," MPRA Paper 101263, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Roos, Patrick & Gelfand, Michele & Nau, Dana & Lun, Janetta, 2015. "Societal threat and cultural variation in the strength of social norms: An evolutionary basis," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 14-23.
    5. Loureiro, Sandra Maria Correia & Guerreiro, João & Tussyadiah, Iis, 2021. "Artificial intelligence in business: State of the art and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 911-926.

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