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Progowy skointegrowany model VAR ze zmianą strukturalną. Zastosowanie do analizy procesów cenotwórczych dóbr żywnościowych

Author

Listed:
  • Aleksander Welfe
  • Emilia Gosinska
  • Katarzyna Leszkiewicz-Kedzior

Abstract

Nieoczekiwane wydarzenia, takie jak globalne kryzysy finansowe, pandemie, czy konflikty zbrojne, są źródłem szoków, które znacząco zakłócają funkcjonowanie mechanizmów ekonomicznych. Wymaga to zastosowania do modelowania odpowiednich podejść uwzględniających możliwość występowania szoków, a w konsekwencji rozwoju istniejącej metodologii. W związku z tym, zaproponowano uogólnienie progowego skointegrowanego modelu VAR na obecność zmian strukturalnych i omówiono jego zastosowanie do modelowania procesów cenotwórczych dóbr żywnościowych. Analiza przeprowadzona została na trzech etapach łańcucha dostaw: na rynku surowców rolnych, rynku przetwórstwa spożywczego oraz rynku detalicznym. Potwierdzono asymetrię w dostosowaniach cen produkcji sprzedanej przemysłu rolno-spożywczego do cen skupu produktów rolnych oraz cen importu pośredniego, co dowodzi, że jedną z głównych przyczyn występowania efektu asymetrii w sektorze rolno-spożywczym stanowi silna pozycja rynkowa producentów żywności, którzy w wielu branżach działają w warunkach oligopolu. We wszystkich trzech relacjach długookresowych, definiujących ceny równowagi na każdym z rozważanych etapów kreacji cen, zidentyfikowano zmiany strukturalne, które są efektem zarówno zdarzeń o charakterze krajowym (wprowadzenie świadczenia socjalnego 500+), jak i międzynarodowym (globalnym), do których należy zaliczyć kryzys na rynku mleka, epidemię ptasiej grypy oraz nałożenie przez Rosję embarga na import artykułów rolno-spożywczych z krajów Unii Europejskiej.

Suggested Citation

  • Aleksander Welfe & Emilia Gosinska & Katarzyna Leszkiewicz-Kedzior, 2025. "Progowy skointegrowany model VAR ze zmianą strukturalną. Zastosowanie do analizy procesów cenotwórczych dóbr żywnościowych," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 45-56.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2025:i:4:p:45-56
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C40 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - General
    • C46 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Specific Distributions
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection

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