La pertinence de la politique rurale à l’aune des théories de la justice

[paper in French] How to evaluate the relevance of the French rural policy? When the question is to what extent the objectives of the policy are reached owing to public interventions, the method is relatively well known. However, when the question is to what extent these objectives are relevant, an important problem is faced: the referential of this evaluation is indefinite. In this article, we propose to define this referential on the basis of moral and political philosophy: The objectives are relevant if they are derived from a conception of justice that is itself relevant. From this viewpoint, the relevance of the current orientations of the rural policy is dubious, since they rest on weak and questionable philosophical foundations. Beyond this analysis, we want to stress on the importance for the State to adopt a clear conception of justice, so as to firmly found its action.