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Une revue de la littérature académique anglo-saxonne sur la grande distribution alimentaire

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  • Jean D. Kinsey

Abstract

[fre] Cet article présente une revue d'un échantillon représentatif de la littérature anglo saxonne des vingt dernières années, sur le thème de la concentration du pouvoir de marché et des relations de cette concentration avec les prix de détail et les profits. Le schéma «Structure de marché-pouvoir-performance» s'applique au comportement et aux performances générales de ce secteur et met en perspective le renforcement et la consolidation du pouvoir de marché que l'on prête aujourd'hui volontiers à la grande distribution alimentaire. Deux questions principales se posent : la concentration de la distribution alimentaire au niveau local accroît-elle les prix alimentaires et les profits des entreprises? Le secteur de la distribution est-il devenu relativement plus rentable? Les résultats sont mitigés, notamment en ce qui concerne les prix. La plupart des études laissent entendre que ces profits seraient liés à la baisse des coûts, par l'utilisation des technologies d'information et par l'intégration verticale avec les fournisseurs. Il n'est d'ailleurs pas évident que les profits des distributeurs augmentent plus vite que ceux des industriels. [eng] A review of the academic literature on food retailing . Literature from economics and business journals and books that addresses the concentration of market power and its relationship to retail food prices and profits are reviewed in this article. With some exceptions, the review covers research published in the United States and the United Kingdom over the past two decades. Market structure, power and performance speaks to the overall behavior and performance of the industry and provides a perspective on the dramatic consolidation and shifts in power that we observe in the retail food industry today. A discussion of the theoretical background and advances precedes the findings that focus on two major questions : does the concentration of retail food firms in local markets increase food prices and firms' profit ? Has the retail sector become relatively more profitable ? The results are mixed, especially with regard to price. Most studies imply that it is due to lower costs. These costs have been and are being lowered in the retail food business through the use of information technology and vertical integration with suppliers. There was no evidence that retailers' profit are increasing faster than food manufacturers' profits.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean D. Kinsey, 1998. "Une revue de la littérature académique anglo-saxonne sur la grande distribution alimentaire," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 245(1), pages 93-101.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1998_num_245_1_5023
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1998.5023
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1998.5023
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viaene, Jacques & Gellynck, Xavier, 1995. "Structure, Conduct and Performance of the European Food Sector," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 22(3), pages 282-295.
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    7. Cotterill, Ronald W, 1986. "Market Power in the Retail Food Industry: Evidence from Vermont," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 68(3), pages 379-386, August.
    8. Schmalensee, Richard, 1989. "Inter-industry studies of structure and performance," Handbook of Industrial Organization, in: R. Schmalensee & R. Willig (ed.), Handbook of Industrial Organization, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 16, pages 951-1009, Elsevier.
    9. Chevalier, Judith A, 1995. "Capital Structure and Product-Market Competition: Empirical Evidence from the Supermarket Industry," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(3), pages 415-435, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. François D'Hauteville, 2000. "La grande distribution alimentaire: la recherche est-elle en phase avec l'histoire?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 255(1), pages 72-85.

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