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Energy Demand and Trade in General Equilibrium

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  • Peter Egger
  • Sergey Nigai

Abstract

This paper sheds light on the impact of alternative environmental policies on energy demand, global $${ CO}_2$$ C O 2 emissions, trade, and welfare. For this, we develop an Eaton–Kortum type general equilibrium model of international trade which includes an energy sector. We structurally estimate the key parameters of the model and calibrate it to the data on 31 OECD countries and the rest of the world in the year 2000. The model helps assessing the relative welfare effects under alternative environmental policies. We find that, when carbon spillover effects are absent, taxing energy resources as an input in energy production is preferable to taxing domestic energy production in terms of minimizing $${ CO}_2$$ C O 2 emissions. However, with negative externalities on foreign customers domestic energy output should be taxed to minimize world carbon emissions given a certain level of welfare change for all countries. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Egger & Sergey Nigai, 2015. "Energy Demand and Trade in General Equilibrium," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 60(2), pages 191-213, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:enreec:v:60:y:2015:i:2:p:191-213
    DOI: 10.1007/s10640-014-9764-1
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    2. von Graevenitz, Kathrine & Rottner, Elisa & Richter, Philipp M., 2023. "Is Germany becoming the European pollution haven?," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-069, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    3. Felbermayr, Gabriel & Kirilakha, Aleksandra & Syropoulos, Constantinos & Yalcin, Erdal & Yotov, Yoto V., 2020. "The global sanctions data base," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    4. Mario Larch & Joschka Wanner, 2019. "The Consequences of Unilateral Withdrawals from the Paris Agreement," CESifo Working Paper Series 7804, CESifo.
    5. Larch, Mario & Wanner, Joschka, 2024. "The consequences of non-participation in the Paris Agreement," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 302105, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    6. Jorge Celis & Andrea Cuenca, 2016. "La educación media en Colombia: una mirada al contexto internacional," Documentos de trabajo 17663, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
    7. Larch, Mario & Wanner, Joschka, 2017. "Carbon tariffs: An analysis of the trade, welfare, and emission effects," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 195-213.
    8. Duan, Yuwan & Ji, Ting & Lu, Yi & Wang, Siying, 2021. "Environmental regulations and international trade: A quantitative economic analysis of world pollution emissions," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    9. Gabriel J. Felbermayr & Mario Larch & Erdal Yalcin & Yoto V. Yotov, 2020. "On the Heterogeneous Trade and Welfare Effects of GATT/WTO Membership," CESifo Working Paper Series 8555, CESifo.
    10. Larch, Mario & Löning, Markus & Wanner, Joschka, 2018. "Can degrowth overcome the leakage problem of unilateral climate policy?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 118-130.
    11. Larch, Mario & Wanner, Joschka, 2024. "The consequences of non-participation in the Paris Agreement," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    12. Calil, Yuri Clements Daglia & Ribera, Luis A., 2020. "EU–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement: Implications for Agriculture," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304548, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    13. Niko Korpar & Mario Larch & Roman Stöllinger, 2023. "The European carbon border adjustment mechanism: a small step in the right direction," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 95-138, February.
    14. Bettina Meinhart, "undated". "How EU membership affects foreign direct investment: Differences between EU15 and CEE countries," FIW Working Paper series 197, FIW.
    15. Svetlov, Nikolai (Светов, Николай) & Shishkina, Ekaterina (Шишкина, Екатерина), 2016. "Economic and Mathematical Modeling of EAEC Agri-food Policy [Экономико-Математическое Моделирование Агро- Продовольственной Политики Еаэс]," Working Papers 767, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.

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    19. repec:lmu:muenec:15421 is not listed on IDEAS
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International trade; Energy demand; General equilibrium; Carbon spillovers; Carbon taxes; F11; F14; Q43; Q48;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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