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A Behavioral Macroeconomic Model of Exchange Rate Fluctuations with Complex Market Expectations Formation

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  • Peter Flaschel
  • Florian Hartmann
  • Christopher Malikane
  • Christian Proaño

Abstract

The paper investigates the emergence of complex market expectations (opinion dynamics) around nominal exchange rate adjustments using a macro-financial model of a small open economy featuring heterogeneous expectation formation (chartists and fundamentalists) and gradual adjustment processes in real and also to a certain degree in financial markets. The model shows among other things the mechanisms through which the first type of agents tends to destabilize the economy. Global stability can be ensured if opinions turn to fundamentalist behavior far off the steady state. This interaction of expectations and population dynamics is bounding the—due to chartist behavior—potentially explosive real-financial market interactions, but can enforce irregular behavior within these bounds. The size of output and exchange rate fluctuations can be dampened by adding suitable policy measures to the dynamics of the private sector. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

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  • Peter Flaschel & Florian Hartmann & Christopher Malikane & Christian Proaño, 2015. "A Behavioral Macroeconomic Model of Exchange Rate Fluctuations with Complex Market Expectations Formation," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 45(4), pages 669-691, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:compec:v:45:y:2015:i:4:p:669-691
    DOI: 10.1007/s10614-014-9437-8
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    Cited by:

    1. Serena Sordi & Marwil J. Dávila-Fernández, 2020. "Investment behaviour and “bull & bear” dynamics: modelling real and stock market interactions," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 15(4), pages 867-897, October.
    2. Datta, Soumya & C. Saratchand, 2021. "On the Macrodynamics of COVID-19 Vaccination," Working Papers 21/352, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    3. Matthieu Charpe & Carl Chiarella & Peter Flaschel & Christian R. Proaño, 2014. "Business Confidence and Macroeconomic Dynamics in a Nonlinear Two-Country Framework with Aggregate Opinion Dynamics," Working Papers 1401, New School for Social Research, Department of Economics.
    4. Tianhao Zhi, 2016. "The Theory and Models of Keynesian Disequilibrium Macroeconomics," Working Paper Series 185, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    5. Cifarelli, Giulio & Paladino, Giovanna, 2018. "Can the interaction between a single long-term attractor and heterogeneous trading explain the exchange rate conundrum?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 313-323.
    6. Flaschel, Peter & Charpe, Matthieu & Galanis, Giorgos & Proaño, Christian R. & Veneziani, Roberto, 2018. "Macroeconomic and stock market interactions with endogenous aggregate sentiment dynamics," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 237-256.
    7. Filip Stanek & Jiri Kukacka, 2018. "The Impact of the Tobin Tax in a Heterogeneous Agent Model of the Foreign Exchange Market," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 51(4), pages 865-892, April.
    8. Li, Xiao-Ping & Zhou, Chun-Yang & Tong, Bin, 2019. "Carry trades, agent heterogeneity and the exchange rate," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 343-358.
    9. Di Guilmi, Corrado & Galanis, Giorgos & Proaño, Christian R., 2023. "A Baseline Model of Behavioral Political Cycles and Macroeconomic Fluctuations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 50-67.
    10. De Grauwe, Paul & Foresti, Pasquale, 2023. "Interactions of fiscal and monetary policies under waves of optimism and pessimism," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 466-481.
    11. Florian Hartmann & Peter Flaschel, 2013. "Financial Markets, Banking and the Design of Monetary Policy: A Stable Baseline Scenario," Economies, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-19, December.
    12. Tianhao Zhi, 2016. "Animal Spirits and Financial Instability - A Disequilibrium Macroeconomic Perspective," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 28, July-Dece.
    13. Gardini, Laura & Radi, Davide & Schmitt, Noemi & Sushko, Iryna & Westerhoff, Frank, 2023. "Sentiment-driven business cycle dynamics: An elementary macroeconomic model with animal spirits," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 342-359.
    14. Tianhao Zhi, 2016. "Animal Spirits and Financial Instability - A Disequilibrium Macroeconomic Perspective," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2016.
    15. Rosser, J. Barkley & Rosser, Marina V., 2023. "The Bielefeld School of economics, Post Keynesian economics, and dynamic complexity," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 454-465.
    16. Xin Yang & Shigang Wen & Zhifeng Liu & Cai Li & Chuangxia Huang, 2019. "Dynamic Properties of Foreign Exchange Complex Network," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-19, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Nonlinear exchange rate dynamics; Opinion dynamics; Viability; Persistent and irregular fluctuations; Macroeconomic policy; E12; E24; E31; E52;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy

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