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Do Environmental Stringency Policies and Human Development Reduce CO 2 Emissions? Evidence from G7 and BRICS Economies

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  • Funda Hatice Sezgin

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey)

  • Yilmaz Bayar

    (Department of Economics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandirma, Turkey)

  • Laura Herta

    (Department of International Relations and German Studies, Faculty of European Studies, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

  • Marius Dan Gavriletea

    (Department of Business, Faculty of Business, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

This study explores the impact of environmental policies and human development on the CO 2 emissions for the period of 1995–2015 in the Group of Seven and BRICS economies in the long run through panel cointegration and causality tests. The causality analysis revealed a bilateral causality between environmental stringency policies and CO 2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and a unilateral causality from CO 2 emissions to the environmental stringency policies for Canada, China, and France. On the other hand, the analysis showed a bilateral causality between human development and CO 2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and unilateral causality from CO 2 emissions to human development in Brazil, Canada, China, and France. Furthermore, the cointegration analysis indicated that both environmental stringency policies and human development had a decreasing impact on the CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Funda Hatice Sezgin & Yilmaz Bayar & Laura Herta & Marius Dan Gavriletea, 2021. "Do Environmental Stringency Policies and Human Development Reduce CO 2 Emissions? Evidence from G7 and BRICS Economies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6727-:d:579786
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nuno Carlos Leitão, 2024. "The Link between Human Development, Foreign Direct Investment, Renewable Energy, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in G7 Economies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-19, February.
    2. Aristide Giuliano & Massimiliano Errico & Hamid Salehi & Pasquale Avino, 2022. "Environmental Impact Assessment by Green Processes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-4, November.
    3. Janet J. McIntyre-Mills & Mphatheleni Makaulule & Patricia Lethole & E. Pitsoane & Akwasi Arko-Achemfuor & Rudolf Wirawan & Ida Widianingsih, 2023. "Ecocentric Living: A Way Forward Towards Zero Carbon: A Conversation about Indigenous Law and Leadership Based on Custodianship and Praxis," Systemic Practice and Action Research, Springer, vol. 36(2), pages 275-319, April.
    4. Aqib, Muhammad & Zaman, Khalid, 2023. "Greening the Workforce: The Power of Investing in Human Capital," MPRA Paper 116263, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 05 Feb 2023.
    5. Shihong Zeng & Gen Li & Shaomin Wu & Zhanfeng Dong, 2022. "The Impact of Green Technology Innovation on Carbon Emissions in the Context of Carbon Neutrality in China: Evidence from Spatial Spillover and Nonlinear Effect Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-25, January.
    6. Kedong Yin & Lu Liu & Haolei Gu, 2022. "Green Paradox or Forced Emission Reduction—The Dual Effects of Environmental Regulation on Carbon Emissions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-15, September.

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