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Exploring the Link between Work Addiction Risk and Health-Related Outcomes Using Job-Demand-Control Model

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  • Frédéric Dutheil

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Witty Fit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Morteza Charkhabi

    (Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia)

  • Hortense Ravoux

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Witty Fit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Georges Brousse

    (Psychology Department, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Samuel Dewavrin

    (WittyFit, F-75000 Paris, France)

  • Thomas Cornet

    (WittyFit, F-75000 Paris, France)

  • Laurie Mondillon

    (Psychology Department, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Sihui Han

    (Culture and Social Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China)

  • Daniela Pfabigan

    (Culture and Social Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China)

  • Julien S Baker

    (Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong)

  • Martial Mermillod

    (Psychology Department, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France)

  • Jeannot Schmidt

    (Emergency department, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Fares Moustafa

    (Emergency department, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Bruno Pereira

    (Biostatistics Unit, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

Abstract

Purpose of the study : Work addiction risk is a growing public health concern with potential deleterious health-related outcomes. Perception of work (job demands and job control) may play a major role in provoking the risk of work addiction in employees. We aimed to explore the link between work addiction risk and health-related outcomes using the framework of job-demand-control model. Methods : Data were collected from 187 out of 1580 (11.8%) French workers who agreed to participate in a cross-sectional study using the WittyFit software online platform. The self-administered questionnaires were the Job Content Questionnaire by Karasek, the Work Addiction Risk Test, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and socio-demographics. Data Analysis : Statistical analyses were performed using the Stata software (version 13). Results: There were five times more workers with a high risk of work addiction among those with strong job demands than in those with low job demands (29.8% vs. 6.8%, p = 0.002). Addiction to work was not linked to job control ( p = 0.77), nor with social support ( p = 0.22). We demonstrated a high risk of work addiction in 2.6% of low-strain workers, in 15.0% of passive workers, in 28.9% of active workers, and in 33.3% of high-strain workers ( p = 0.010). There were twice as many workers with a HAD-Depression score ≥11 compared with workers at low risk (41.5% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.009). Sleep quality was lower in workers with a high risk of work addiction compared with workers with a low risk of work addiction (44.0 ± 27.3 vs. 64.4 ± 26.8, p < 0.001). Workers with a high risk of work addiction exhibited greater stress at work (68.4 ± 23.2 vs. 47.5 ± 25.1) and lower well-being (69.7 ± 18.3 vs. 49.3 ± 23.0) compared with workers at low risk ( p < 0.001). Conclusions : High job demands are strongly associated with the risk of work addiction. Work addiction risk is associated with greater depression and poor quality of sleep. Preventive strategies should benefit from identifying more vulnerable workers to work addiction risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Frédéric Dutheil & Morteza Charkhabi & Hortense Ravoux & Georges Brousse & Samuel Dewavrin & Thomas Cornet & Laurie Mondillon & Sihui Han & Daniela Pfabigan & Julien S Baker & Martial Mermillod & Jean, 2020. "Exploring the Link between Work Addiction Risk and Health-Related Outcomes Using Job-Demand-Control Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7594-:d:431039
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Böckerman, Petri & Bryson, Alex & Ilmakunnas, Pekka, 2012. "Does high involvement management improve worker wellbeing?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 84(2), pages 660-680.
    2. Karasek, R. & Baker, D. & Marxer, F. & Ahlbom, A. & Theorell, T., 1981. "Job decision latitude, job demands, and cardiovascular disease: A prospective study of Swedish men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 71(7), pages 694-705.
    3. Frédéric Dutheil & Bruno Pereira & Farès Moustafa & Geraldine Naughton & François-Xavier Lesage & Céline Lambert, 2017. "At-risk and intervention thresholds of occupational stress using a visual analogue scale," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Aimee J. Palumbo & Anneclaire J. De Roos & Carolyn Cannuscio & Lucy Robinson & Jana Mossey & Julie Weitlauf & Lorena Garcia & Robert Wallace & Yvonne Michael, 2017. "Work Characteristics Associated with Physical Functioning in Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois & Marion Trousselard & Bruno Pereira & Jeannot Schmidt & Maelys Clinchamps & David Thivel & Ukadike Chris Ugbolue & Farès Moustafa & Céline Occelli & Guillaume Vallet & F, 2021. "Protocol of the Study on Emergency Health Care Workers’ Responses Evaluated by Karasek Questionnaire: The SEEK-Study Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-11, April.
    2. Cristian Balducci & Paola Spagnoli & Malissa Clark, 2020. "Advancing Workaholism Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-4, December.

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