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Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines

Author

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  • Md Mofijur Rahman

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia)

  • Mohammad Rasul

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia)

  • Nur Md Sayeed Hassan

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia)

  • Justin Hyde

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia)

Abstract

This paper investigated the prospects of biodiesel production from macadamia oil as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The biodiesel was produced using conventional transesterification process using the base catalyst (KOH). A multi-cylinder diesel engine was used to evaluate the performance and emission of 5% (B5) and 20% (B20) macadamia biodiesel fuel at different engine speeds and full load condition. It was found that the characteristics of biodiesel are within the limit of specified standards American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751) and comparable to diesel fuel. This study also found that the blending of macadamia biodiesel–diesel fuel significantly improves the fuel properties including viscosity, density ( D ), heating value and oxidation stability ( OS ). Engine performance results indicated that macadamia biodiesel fuel sample reduces brake power (BP) and increases brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) while emission results indicated that it reduces the average carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions except nitrogen oxides (NO x ) than diesel fuel. Finally, it can be concluded that macadamia oil can be a possible source for biodiesel production and up to 20% macadamia biodiesel can be used as a fuel in diesel engines without modifications.

Suggested Citation

  • Md Mofijur Rahman & Mohammad Rasul & Nur Md Sayeed Hassan & Justin Hyde, 2016. "Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:6:p:403-:d:70785
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Adepoju, T.F. & Ibeh, M.A. & Udoetuk, E.N. & Babatunde, E.O., 2021. "Quaternary blend of Carica papaya - Citrus sinesis - Hibiscus sabdariffa - Waste used oil for biodiesel synthesis using CaO-based catalyst derived from binary mix of Lattorina littorea and Mactra cora," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 22-33.
    2. Xiaoqing Zhang & Tie Li & Pengfei Ma & Bin Wang, 2017. "Spray Combustion Characteristics and Soot Emission Reduction of Hydrous Ethanol Diesel Emulsion Fuel Using Color-Ratio Pyrometry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Muhammad Nobi Hossain & Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan & Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam & Yong Chan Seo, 2018. "Biodiesel from Hydrolyzed Waste Cooking Oil Using a S-ZrO 2 /SBA-15 Super Acid Catalyst under Sub-Critical Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan & Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam & Younghwan Chu & Yong Chan Seo, 2017. "Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, August.
    5. M. N. Uddin & Kuaanan Techato & Juntakan Taweekun & Md Mofijur Rahman & M. G. Rasul & T. M. I. Mahlia & S. M. Ashrafur, 2018. "An Overview of Recent Developments in Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-24, November.
    6. Md Mofijur Rahman & Mohammad Rasul & Nur Md Sayeed Hassan, 2017. "Study on the Tribological Characteristics of Australian Native First Generation and Second Generation Biodiesel Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-16, January.
    7. Nabi, M.N. & Rasul, M.G. & Anwar, M. & Mullins, B.J., 2019. "Energy, exergy, performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine using new series of non-edible biodiesels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 647-657.
    8. Mohammad Anwar & Mohammad G. Rasul & Nanjappa Ashwath & Md Mofijur Rahman, 2018. "Optimisation of Second-Generation Biodiesel Production from Australian Native Stone Fruit Oil Using Response Surface Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, September.
    9. Krzysztof Biernat & Piotr Bocian & Paweł Bukrejewski & Krzysztof R. Noworyta, 2019. "Application of the Impedance Spectroscopy as a New Tool for Studying Biodiesel Fuel Aging Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-12, February.
    10. Sharzali Che Mat & Mohamad Yusof Idroas & Yew Heng Teoh & Mohd Fadzli Hamid, 2018. "Physicochemical, Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Melaleuca Cajuputi Oil-Refined Palm Oil Hybrid Biofuel Blend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    11. M. Mukhtar N. A. & Abd Rashid Abd Aziz & Ftwi Y. Hagos & M. M. Noor & Kumaran Kadirgama & Rizalman Mamat & A. Adam Abdullah, 2019. "The Influence of Formulation Ratio and Emulsifying Settings on Tri-Fuel (Diesel–Ethanol–Biodiesel) Emulsion Properties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-24, May.

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