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Biodiesel from Hydrolyzed Waste Cooking Oil Using a S-ZrO 2 /SBA-15 Super Acid Catalyst under Sub-Critical Conditions

Author

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  • Muhammad Nobi Hossain

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea)

  • Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea)

  • Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea)

  • Yong Chan Seo

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Korea)

Abstract

Due to rapid changes in food habits, a substantial amount of waste fat and used oils are generated each year. Due to strong policies, the disposal of this material into nearby sewers causes ecological and environmental problems in many parts of the world. For efficient management, waste cooking oil, a less expensive, alternative and promising feedstock, can be used as a raw material for producing biofuel. In the present study, we produced a biodiesel from hydrolyzed waste cooking oil with a subcritical methanol process using a synthesized solid super acid catalyst, a sulfated zirconium oxide supported on Santa Barbara Amorphous silica (S-ZrO 2 /SBA-15). The characterization of the synthesized catalyst was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The catalytic effect on biodiesel production was examined by varying the parameters: temperatures of 120 to 200 °C, 5–20 min times, oil-to-methanol mole ratios between 1:5 to 1:20, and catalyst loadings of 1–2.5%. The maximum biodiesel yield was 96.383%, obtained under optimum reaction conditions of 140 °C, 10 min, and a 1:10 oil-to-methanol molar ratio with a 2.0% catalyst loading. We successfully reused the catalyst five times without regeneration with a 90% efficiency. The fuel properties were found to be within the limits set by the biodiesel standard.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Nobi Hossain & Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan & Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam & Yong Chan Seo, 2018. "Biodiesel from Hydrolyzed Waste Cooking Oil Using a S-ZrO 2 /SBA-15 Super Acid Catalyst under Sub-Critical Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:2:p:299-:d:129148
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Md Mofijur Rahman & Mohammad Rasul & Nur Md Sayeed Hassan & Justin Hyde, 2016. "Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Md Sufi Ullah Siddik Bhuyan & Abul Hasnat Md Ashraful Alam & Younghwan Chu & Yong Chan Seo, 2017. "Biodiesel Production Potential from Littered Edible Oil Fraction Using Directly Synthesized S-TiO 2 /MCM-41 Catalyst in Esterification Process via Non-Catalytic Subcritical Hydrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Farooq, Muhammad & Ramli, Anita & Naeem, Abdul, 2015. "Biodiesel production from low FFA waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalyst derived from chicken bones," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 362-368.
    4. Mohammed I. Jahirul & Richard J. Brown & Wijitha Senadeera & Ian M. O'Hara & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2013. "The Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-43, July.
    5. Marina Corral Bobadilla & Rubén Lostado Lorza & Rubén Escribano García & Fátima Somovilla Gómez & Eliseo P. Vergara González, 2017. "An Improvement in Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil by Applying Thought Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-20, January.
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