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An International Review of Hydrogen Technology and Policy Developments, with a Focus on Wind- and Nuclear Power-Produced Hydrogen and Natural Hydrogen

Author

Listed:
  • Kathleen Araújo

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Edward Potter

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Anna Kouts

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Oliver Newman

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Max Milarvie

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Fred Carcas

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Cassie Koerner

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

  • Jacob Placido

    (Energy Policy Institute, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1014, USA)

Abstract

The potential for hydrogen to reshape energy systems has been recognized for over a century. Yet, as decarbonization priorities have sharpened in many regions, three distinct frontier areas are critical to consider: hydrogen produced from wind; hydrogen produced from nuclear power; and the development of natural hydrogen. These pathways reflect technology and policy changes, including a 54% increase in the globally installed wind capacity since 2020, plus new signs of potential emerging in nuclear energy and natural hydrogen. Broadly speaking, there is a considerable number of studies covering hydrogen production from electrolysis, yet none systematically examine wind- and nuclear-derived hydrogen, natural hydrogen, or the policies that enable their adoption in key countries. This article highlights international policy and technology developments, with a focus on prime movers: Germany, China, the US, and Russia.

Suggested Citation

  • Kathleen Araújo & Edward Potter & Anna Kouts & Oliver Newman & Max Milarvie & Fred Carcas & Cassie Koerner & Jacob Placido, 2025. "An International Review of Hydrogen Technology and Policy Developments, with a Focus on Wind- and Nuclear Power-Produced Hydrogen and Natural Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-35, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:17:p:4619-:d:1738370
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    References listed on IDEAS

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