IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/fis/journl/180106.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Relationship Between Young Populations, Life Expectancy at Birth, Number Of Doctors and Health Expenditure in Turkey: An Econometric Application

Author

Listed:
  • Tuğay GÜNEL

Abstract

Health care expenditure is a major health policy concern worldwide. To assist decision-makers in finding best policies to manage health care cost, it is important to understand the factors that affect health care expenditure. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of youth population aged less than 15, life expectancy at birth and doctors providing direct care to patients on the health expenditure in Turkey and how they affect the health expenditure in Turkey during 1975- 2013 period. Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips-Perron tests are employed to check whether the variables are stationary or not. Then Johansen Cointegration test and VECM approach are employed to investigate the long-run dynamics and short-run relationship between health expenditure and youth population aged less than 15,(POP15) life expectancy at birth(LIFEX) and doctors (DOCTORS) providing direct care to patients. According to results, A unit increase in the POP15 leads to a 1.99 unit decrease in the HE in the long run, A unit increase in the LIFEX leads to a 0.37 unit increase in the HE in the long run. A unit increase in the DOCTORS leads to a 5.39 unit decrease in the HE in the long run. The coefficient of Error Correction Model, indicating the speed of adjustment to restore equilibrium in the dynamic model and how quickly variables converge to equilibrium, is equal to (-0.160506) and imply that more than %16 percent of disequilibrium in the previous year corrected in the current year.

Suggested Citation

  • Tuğay GÜNEL, 2018. "The Relationship Between Young Populations, Life Expectancy at Birth, Number Of Doctors and Health Expenditure in Turkey: An Econometric Application," Fiscaoeconomia, Tubitak Ulakbim JournalPark (Dergipark), issue 1.
    • Handle: RePEc:fis:journl:180106
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/414765
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    2. Johansen, Soren & Juselius, Katarina, 1990. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration--With Applications to the Demand for Money," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 52(2), pages 169-210, May.
    3. Dreger, C. & Reimers, H.E., 2005. "Health Care Expenditures in OECD Countries: A Panel Unit Root and Cointegration Analysis," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 2(2), pages 5-20.
    4. Fırat Bilgel & Kien C. Tran, 2013. "The determinants of Canadian provincial health expenditures: evidence from a dynamic panel," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(2), pages 201-212, January.
    5. Gbesemete, Kwame P. & Gerdtham, Ulf-G., 1992. "Determinants of health care expenditure in Africa: A cross-sectional study," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 303-308, February.
    6. Sami Chaabouni & Chokri Abednnadher, 2014. "The Determinants of Health Expenditures in Tunisia: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach," International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector (IJISSS), IGI Global, vol. 6(4), pages 60-72, October.
    7. Abbas, Faisal & Hiemenz, Ulrich, 2011. "Determinants of Public Health expenditures in Pakistan," Discussion Papers 118422, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    8. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    9. M. M. Fasoranti, 2015. "An Econometric Analysis of the Determinants of Government Health Expenditures in Nigeria," Journal of Empirical Economics, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 4(4), pages 193-206.
    10. Murthy, Vasudeva N.R. & Okunade, Albert A., 2009. "The core determinants of health expenditure in the African context: Some econometric evidence for policy," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 57-62, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Byaro, Mwoya & Kinyondo, Abel & Michello, Charles & Musonda, Patrick, 2018. "Determinants of Public Health Expenditure Growth in Tanzania: An Application of Bayesian Model," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 6(01), January.
    2. Murthy, Vasudeva N.R. & Okunade, Albert A., 2016. "Determinants of U.S. health expenditure: Evidence from autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 67-73.
    3. Mehdi Barati & Hadiseh Fariditavana, 2020. "Asymmetric effect of income on the US healthcare expenditure: evidence from the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 1979-2008, April.
    4. Yap, Wei Yim & Lam, Jasmine S.L., 2006. "Competition dynamics between container ports in East Asia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 35-51, January.
    5. Choi-Meng Leong & Chin-Hong Puah & Shazali Abu Mansor & Evan Lau, 2010. "Testing the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy in Malaysia Using Alternative Monetary Aggregation," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 4(3), pages 321-338, August.
    6. Hauser, Shmuel & Kedar-Levy, Haim & Milo, Orit, 2022. "Price discovery during parallel stocks and options preopening: Information distortion and hints of manipulation," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 59(PA).
    7. Isabel Cortés-Jiménez & Manuel Artís, 2005. "The role of the tourism sector in economic development - Lessons from the Spanish experience," ERSA conference papers ersa05p488, European Regional Science Association.
    8. Panagiotis Pegkas & Constantinos Tsamadias, 2017. "Are There Separate Effects of Male and Female Higher Education on Economic Growth? Evidence from Greece," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(1), pages 279-293, March.
    9. M. T. Alguacil & V. Orts, 2003. "Inward Foreign Direct Investment and Imports in Spain," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 19-38.
    10. Frank Asche, 2001. "Testing the effect of an anti-dumping duty: The US salmon market," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 343-355.
    11. Derek Bond & Michael J. Harrison & Edward J. O'Brien, 2005. "Testing for Long Memory and Nonlinear Time Series: A Demand for Money Study," Trinity Economics Papers tep20021, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
    12. Wang, Peijie & Brand, Steven, 2015. "A new approach to estimating value–income ratios with income growth and time-varying yields," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(1), pages 182-187.
    13. Sushil Kumar Haldar, 2009. "Economic Growth in India Revisited," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 10(1), pages 105-126, January.
    14. Malik, Zahra & Zaman, Khalid, 2013. "Macroeconomic consequences of terrorism in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 1103-1123.
    15. Garg, Bhavesh & Prabheesh, K.P., 2021. "Testing the intertemporal sustainability of current account in the presence of endogenous structural breaks: Evidence from the top deficit countries," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 365-379.
    16. Osamah M. Al-Khazali, 2003. "Stock Prices, Inflation, and Output: Evidence from the Emerging Markets," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 2(3), pages 287-314, September.
    17. Emmanouil Mavrakis & Christos Alexakis, 2018. "Statistical Arbitrage Strategies under Different Market Conditions: The Case of the Greek Banking Sector," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 17(2), pages 159-185, August.
    18. Claude Diebolt & Cédric Doliger, 2005. "Becker vs. Easterlin. Education, Fertility and Growth in France after World War II," Working Papers 05-03, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC).
    19. Erdal Demirhan & Banu Demirhan, 2015. "The Dynamic Effect of ExchangeRate Volatility on Turkish Exports: Parsimonious Error-Correction Model Approach," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 62(4), pages 429-451, September.
    20. Abdul Qayyum, 2000. "Demand for Real Money Balances by the Business Sector: An Econometric Investigation," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 39(4), pages 857-873.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Health Expenditure; Health Policy; Vector Error Correction Model; Johansen Cointegration Test;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:fis:journl:180106. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Emre Atsan (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.dergipark.gov.tr .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.