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The determinants of Canadian provincial health expenditures: evidence from a dynamic panel

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  • Fırat Bilgel
  • Kien C. Tran

Abstract

This article seeks to reveal the magnitude of the income elasticity of health expenditure and the impact of non income determinants of health expenditure across Canada. For this purpose, panel data on gross domestic product, the relative price of health care, the share of publicly funded health expenditure, the share of senior population and the life expectancy at birth have been used to investigate the determinants of Canadian provincial health expenditures over a 28 year period. Dynamic models of health expenditure are analysed via Generalized Instrumental Variables (GIV) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Results indicate that the long run income elasticity of health expenditure is substantially lower than one. Thus, health care is far from being a luxury in Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Fırat Bilgel & Kien C. Tran, 2013. "The determinants of Canadian provincial health expenditures: evidence from a dynamic panel," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(2), pages 201-212, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:45:y:2013:i:2:p:201-212
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2011.597726
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Catherine Bac & Yannick le Pen, 2002. "An International Comparison of Health Care Expenditure Determinants," 10th International Conference on Panel Data, Berlin, July 5-6, 2002 C5-1, International Conferences on Panel Data.
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    Cited by:

    1. Edward Nketiah-Amponsah, 2019. "The Impact of Health Expenditures on Health Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Developing Societies, , vol. 35(1), pages 134-152, March.
    2. Lau, Marco Chi Keung & Fung, Ka Wai Terence, 2013. "Convergence in Health Care Expenditure of 14 EU Countries: New Evidence from Non-linear Panel Unit Root Test," MPRA Paper 52871, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Bose, Srimoyee, 2015. "Determinants of Per Capita State-Level Health Expenditures in the United States: A Spatial Panel Analysis," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 45(1).
    4. Serap Taskaya & Mustafa Demirkiran, 2016. "The Causality between Healthcare Resources and Health Expenditures in Turkey. A Granger Causality Method," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 6(2), pages 98-103, April.
    5. Eugene Kouassi & Oluyele Akinkugbe & Noni Oratile Kutlo & J. M. Bosson Brou, 2018. "Health expenditure and growth dynamics in the SADC region: evidence from non-stationary panel data with cross section dependence and unobserved heterogeneity," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 47-66, March.
    6. Yilmaz Bayar & Marius Dan Gavriletea & Mirela Oana Pintea & Ioana Cristina Sechel, 2021. "Impact of Environment, Life Expectancy and Real GDP per Capita on Health Expenditures: Evidence from the EU Member States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    7. G. Emmanuel Guindon & Paul Contoyannis, 2012. "A Second Look At Pharmaceutical Spending As Determinants Of Health Outcomes In Canada," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(12), pages 1477-1495, December.
    8. Carla Blazquez-Fernandez & David Cantarero & Patricio Perez, 2014. "Disentangling the heterogeneous income elasticity and dynamics of health expenditure," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(16), pages 1839-1854, June.
    9. Di Matteo, Livio & Cantarero-Prieto, David, 2018. "The Determinants of Public Health Expenditures: Comparing Canada and Spain," MPRA Paper 87800, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Tuğay GÜNEL, 2018. "The Relationship Between Young Populations, Life Expectancy at Birth, Number Of Doctors and Health Expenditure in Turkey: An Econometric Application," Fiscaoeconomia, Tubitak Ulakbim JournalPark (Dergipark), issue 1.
    11. Munic Boungnarasy, 2011. "Health care expenditures in Asia countries: Panel data analysis," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 31(4), pages 3169-3178.
    12. Mujaheed Shaikh & Afschin Gandjour, 2019. "Pharmaceutical expenditure and gross domestic product: Evidence of simultaneous effects using a two‐step instrumental variables strategy," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 101-122, January.
    13. Vitor Castro, 2017. "Pure, White and Deadly… Expensive: A Bitter Sweetness in Health Care Expenditure," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(12), pages 1644-1666, December.
    14. Elisabet Rodriguez Llorian & Janelle Mann, 2022. "Exploring the technology–healthcare expenditure nexus: a panel error correction approach," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 62(6), pages 3061-3086, June.
    15. Chi Lau & Ka Fung & Lee Pugalis, 2014. "Is health care expenditure across Europe converging? Findings from the application of a nonlinear panel unit root test," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 4(2), pages 137-156, December.

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