IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eut/journl/v21y2017i4p829.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring the Trade Openness, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Relationship in Iran by Bayer and Hanck Combined Cointegration and Causality Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Hojat Parsa

    (Department of Economics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.)

  • Seyyedeh Zahra Sajjadi

    (Department of Economics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.)

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the direction of causality between economic growth, energy consumption and trade openness in case of Iran for the period 1967–2012. We apply the newly developed combined cointegration test proposed by Bayer and Hanck (2013). Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is applied to determine the direction of causality between these three variables. The result of Bayer-Hanck cointegration test reveals the existence of cointegration between variables. The causality analysis indicates just a unidirectional causality from energy consumption to trade openness in short run. The long run causality test explores the bidirectional causality between economic growth and energy consumption, and between openness and energy consumption as well as unidirectional Granger causality from openness to economic growth. In addition, we used variance decomposition method and impulse response functions to show the dynamics of these relationships that confirmed low energy efficiency. This paper provides policy makers with insights to design policies for economic growth with a view to energy consumption and trade.

Suggested Citation

  • Hojat Parsa & Seyyedeh Zahra Sajjadi, 2017. "Exploring the Trade Openness, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Relationship in Iran by Bayer and Hanck Combined Cointegration and Causality Analysis," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 21(4), pages 829-845, Autumn.
    • Handle: RePEc:eut:journl:v:21:y:2017:i:4:p:829
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: ftp://80.66.179.253/eut/journl/20174-5.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Halicioglu, Ferda, 2009. "An econometric study of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 1156-1164, March.
    2. Zhang, Xing-Ping & Cheng, Xiao-Mei, 2009. "Energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic growth in China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2706-2712, August.
    3. Chandran Govindaraju, V.G.R. & Tang, Chor Foon, 2013. "The dynamic links between CO2 emissions, economic growth and coal consumption in China and India," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 310-318.
    4. Sohag, Kazi & Begum, Rawshan Ara & Abdullah, Sharifah Mastura Syed & Jaafar, Mokhtar, 2015. "Dynamics of energy use, technological innovation, economic growth and trade openness in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1497-1507.
    5. Kyophilavong, Phouphet & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Anwar, Sabeen & Masood, Sameen, 2015. "The energy-growth nexus in Thailand: Does trade openness boost up energy consumption?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 265-274.
    6. Sadorsky, Perry, 2012. "Energy consumption, output and trade in South America," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 476-488.
    7. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Nasreen, Samia & Ling, Chong Hui & Sbia, Rashid, 2014. "Causality between trade openness and energy consumption: What causes what in high, middle and low income countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 126-143.
    8. Ghali, Khalifa H. & El-Sakka, M. I. T., 2004. "Energy use and output growth in Canada: a multivariate cointegration analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 225-238, March.
    9. Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2005. "Energy consumption and GDP in developing countries: A cointegrated panel analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 415-427, May.
    10. Ioanna Vlastou, 2010. "Forcing Africa to open up to trade:is it worth it?," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 44(1), pages 25-39, September.
    11. Alwyn Young, 1991. "Learning by Doing and the Dynamic Effects of International Trade," NBER Working Papers 3577, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Odhiambo, Nicholas M., 2009. "Energy consumption and economic growth nexus in Tanzania: An ARDL bounds testing approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 617-622, February.
    13. Harrison, Ann & Hanson, Gordon, 1999. "Who gains from trade reform? Some remaining puzzles," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1), pages 125-154, June.
    14. Erdal, Gülistan & Erdal, Hilmi & Esengün, Kemal, 2008. "The causality between energy consumption and economic growth in Turkey," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 3838-3842, October.
    15. Jong-Wha Lee, 1993. "International Trade, Distortions, and Long-Run Economic Growth," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 40(2), pages 299-328, June.
    16. Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash, 2012. "Trade liberalization, financial development and economic growth in the long term: The case of Iran," Business and Economic Horizons (BEH), Prague Development Center, vol. 8(2), pages 33-45, December.
    17. Alwyn Young, 1991. "Learning by Doing and the Dynamic Effects of International Trade," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 106(2), pages 369-405.
    18. Serena Ng & Pierre Perron, 2001. "LAG Length Selection and the Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(6), pages 1519-1554, November.
    19. Christian Bayer & Christoph Hanck, 2013. "Combining non-cointegration tests," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(1), pages 83-95, January.
    20. Musila, Jacob W. & Yiheyis, Zelealem, 2015. "The impact of trade openness on growth: The case of Kenya," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 342-354.
    21. Payne, James E., 2009. "On the Dynamics of Energy Consumption and Employment in Illinois," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 39(2), pages 1-5.
    22. Belloumi, Mounir, 2009. "Energy consumption and GDP in Tunisia: Cointegration and causality analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(7), pages 2745-2753, July.
    23. Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh & Stauvermann, Peter Josef & Loganathan, Nanthakumar & Kumar, Radika Devi, 2015. "Exploring the role of energy, trade and financial development in explaining economic growth in South Africa: A revisit," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1300-1311.
    24. Gudarzi farahani Yazdan & Sadr Seyed Mohammad Hossein, 2012. "Causality between Oil Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran: An Ardl Testing Approach," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 2(6), pages 678-686, October.
    25. repec:asi:aeafrj:2012:p:606-614 is not listed on IDEAS
    26. Nasreen, Samia & Anwar, Sofia, 2014. "Causal relationship between trade openness, economic growth and energy consumption: A panel data analysis of Asian countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 82-91.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Arash Refah-Kahriz & Hassan Heidari & Mahdiyeh Rahimdel, 2023. "Is there a similar Granger causality among CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in different regimes in Iran?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 3801-3822, April.
    2. Dingru, Liu & Onifade, Stephen Taiwo & Ramzan, Muhammad & AL-Faryan, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh, 2023. "Environmental perspectives on the impacts of trade and natural resources on renewable energy utilization in Sub-Sahara Africa: Accounting for FDI, income, and urbanization trends," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    3. Zainab Fatima & Faisal Nadeem Shah & Bilal Bashir & Muhammad Shazeb, 2022. "Impact of Energy Consumption and Trade on CO2 Emission in Pakistan," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 4(1), pages 99-105.
    4. Abubakar Mohammed Atiku & Suraya Ismail & Ali Umar Ahmad, 2021. "Energy Trade Amidst Sustainable Economic Growth in Regional Cooperation of West African States: Fresh Evidence from Panel CS-ARDL," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(6), pages 262-269.
    5. Ming Qi & Jing Xu & Nnenna Bridget Amuji & Shumingrui Wang & Fengqian Xu & Huan Zhou, 2022. "The Nexus among Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Trade Openness: Evidence from West Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    6. Li, Yiming & Solaymani, Saeed, 2021. "Energy consumption, technology innovation and economic growth nexuses in Malaysian," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    7. Ayobami Abayomi Popoola & Hangwelani Hope Magidimisha, 2019. "Rural Energy Conditions in Oyo State: Present and Future Perspectives on the Untapped Resources," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(5), pages 419-432.
    8. Muntasir Murshed, 2018. "Does Improvement in Trade Openness Facilitate Renewable Energy Transition? Evidence from Selected South Asian Economies," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 19(2), pages 151-170, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Acheampong, Alex O., 2018. "Economic growth, CO2 emissions and energy consumption: What causes what and where?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 677-692.
    2. Sofien, Tiba & Omri, Anis, 2016. "Literature survey on the relationships between energy variables, environment and economic growth," MPRA Paper 82555, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 14 Sep 2016.
    3. Cosimo Magazzino, 2015. "Energy consumption and GDP in Italy: cointegration and causality analysis," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 137-153, February.
    4. Magazzino, Cosimo, 2011. "Energy consumption and aggregate income in Italy: cointegration and causality analysis," MPRA Paper 28494, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Ozturk, Ilhan, 2010. "A literature survey on energy-growth nexus," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 340-349, January.
    6. Omri, Anis, 2014. "An international literature survey on energy-economic growth nexus: Evidence from country-specific studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 951-959.
    7. Ajayi, Patricia & Ogunrinola, Adedeji, 2020. "Growth, Trade Openness and Environmental Degradation in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 100713, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Shahateet, Mohammed Issa & Al-Majali, Khalid Ali & Al-Hahabashneh, Fedel, 2014. "Causality and Cointegration between Economic Growth and Energy Consumption: Econometric Evidence from Jordan," MPRA Paper 59067, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Oct 2014.
    9. Ahmed, Khalid, 2017. "Revisiting the role of financial development for energy-growth-trade nexus in BRICS economies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 487-495.
    10. Tiba, Sofien & Omri, Anis, 2017. "Literature survey on the relationships between energy, environment and economic growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1129-1146.
    11. Ajmi, Ahdi Noomen & El Montasser, Ghassen & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2013. "Testing the relationships between energy consumption and income in G7 countries with nonlinear causality tests," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 126-133.
    12. Zhihui Lv & Amanda M. Y. Chu & Michael McAleer & Wing-Keung Wong, 2019. "Modelling Economic Growth, Carbon Emissions, and Fossil Fuel Consumption in China: Cointegration and Multivariate Causality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-35, October.
    13. Waseem Ahmad & Tanvir Ahmed, 2014. "Energy Sources and Gross Domestic Product: International Evidence," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 477-490.
    14. Sanu, Md Sahnewaz, 2019. "Re-examining the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in India: The Role of Coal Consumption, Financial Development and Trade Openness," MPRA Paper 107845, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Dec 2019.
    15. Menegaki, Angeliki N., 2014. "On energy consumption and GDP studies; A meta-analysis of the last two decades," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 31-36.
    16. Saša Obradović & Nemanja Lojanica, 2019. "Does environmental quality reflect on national competitiveness? The evidence from EU-15," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(4), pages 559-585, June.
    17. Jalil, Abdul, 2014. "Energy–growth conundrum in energy exporting and importing countries: Evidence from heterogeneous panel methods robust to cross-sectional dependence," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 314-324.
    18. Bilgili, Faik & Doğan, İbrahim & H. Tülüce, Nadide & Kuşkaya, Sevda, 2014. "The impact of biomass, geothermal and hydroelectric energy consumption on industrial production: A threshold cointegration model with regime shifts," MPRA Paper 90168, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. José Carlos Araújo Amarante & Cássio da Nóbrega Besarria & Helson Gomes de Souza & Otoniel Rodrigues dos Anjos Junior, 2021. "The relationship between economic growth, renewable and nonrenewable energy use and CO2 emissions: empirical evidences for Brazil," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 11(3), pages 411-431, June.
    20. Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh & Stauvermann, Peter Josef & Patel, Arvind & Kumar, Nikeel, 2017. "The effect of energy on output per worker in the Balkan Peninsula: A country-specific study of 12 nations in the Energy Community," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1223-1239.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eut:journl:v:21:y:2017:i:4:p:829. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: [z.rahimalipour] (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/fecutir.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.