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Rethinking Cholera and Typhoid Vaccination Policies for the Poor: Private Demand in Kolkata, India

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  • Whittington, Dale
  • Sur, Dipika
  • Cook, Joseph
  • Chatterjee, Susmita
  • Maskery, Brian
  • Lahiri, Malay
  • Poulos, Christine
  • Boral, Srabani
  • Nyamete, Andrew
  • Deen, Jacqueline
  • Ochiai, Leon
  • Bhattacharya, Sujit Kumar

Abstract

Summary The "old" familiar diseases of cholera and typhoid remain a serious health threat in many developing countries. Health policy analysts often argue that vaccination against cholera and typhoid should be provided free because poor people cannot afford to pay for such vaccines and because vaccination confers positive economic externalities on unvaccinated individuals. In 2004, we conducted a contingent valuation (CV) survey of 835 randomly selected adults from two neighborhoods in Kolkata, India to provide information on private demand for cholera and typhoid vaccines for themselves and for household members to support more nuanced financial and economics analyses of such vaccination programs. The median private economic benefits of providing a typhoid vaccine to a household with five members is about US$23 in a middle-income neighborhood (US$27 for a cholera vaccine) and US$14 in a low-income slum (US$15 for a cholera vaccine). Our research raises an intriguing possibility. If user charges were set at a level to recover the costs of a vaccination program, there could be sufficient demand for the vaccine so that coverage of the vaccinated population might ensure that all the remaining unvaccinated individuals would be protected as well through indirect herd protection.

Suggested Citation

  • Whittington, Dale & Sur, Dipika & Cook, Joseph & Chatterjee, Susmita & Maskery, Brian & Lahiri, Malay & Poulos, Christine & Boral, Srabani & Nyamete, Andrew & Deen, Jacqueline & Ochiai, Leon & Bhattac, 2009. "Rethinking Cholera and Typhoid Vaccination Policies for the Poor: Private Demand in Kolkata, India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 399-409, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:37:y:2009:i:2:p:399-409
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    Cited by:

    1. Christian Schaetti & Mitchell G Weiss & Said M Ali & Claire-Lise Chaignat & Ahmed M Khatib & Rita Reyburn & Radboud J Duintjer Tebbens & Raymond Hutubessy, 2012. "Costs of Illness Due to Cholera, Costs of Immunization and Cost-Effectiveness of an Oral Cholera Mass Vaccination Campaign in Zanzibar," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(10), pages 1-10, October.
    2. Joseph Cook & Marc Jeuland & Brian Maskery & Dale Whittington, 2012. "Giving Stated Preference Respondents “Time to Think”: Results From Four Countries," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 51(4), pages 473-496, April.
    3. Joseph Cook & Marc Jeuland & Brian Maskery & Donald Lauria & Dipika Sur & John Clemens & Dale Whittington, 2009. "Using private demand studies to calculate socially optimal vaccine subsidies in developing countries," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 6-28.
    4. Martin Daniel Siyaranamual, 2013. "Social Interaction and Public Goods Provision: A Case of Waste Management in Bandung, Indonesia," Working Papers in Economics and Development Studies (WoPEDS) 201312, Department of Economics, Padjadjaran University, revised May 2013.
    5. Aziz, Sonia & Pakhtigian, Emily L. & Akanda, Ali S. & Jutla, Antarpreet & Huq, Anwar & Alam, Munirul & Ashan, Gias U. & Colwell, Rita R., 2021. "Does improved risk information increase the value of cholera prevention? An analysis of stated vaccine demand in slum areas of urban Bangladesh," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    6. Dohyeong Kim & Donald T. Lauria & Dale Whittington, 2014. "Selecting Optimal Prices and Outpost Locations for Rural Vaccination Campaigns," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 37(4), pages 436-458, October.
    7. Jeuland, Marc & Lucas, Marcelino & Clemens, John & Whittington, Dale, 2010. "Estimating the private benefits of vaccination against cholera in Beira, Mozambique: A travel cost approach," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 310-322, March.

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