IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v80y2015icp1-14.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Competitiveness of container terminal operating companies in South Korea and the industry–university–government network

Author

Listed:
  • Yoon, Junghyun
  • Lee, Hee Yong
  • Dinwoodie, John

Abstract

Burgeoning container port facilities have fostered intensified competition among container terminal operating companies (CTOCs). However, despite research into their survival strategies which identified antecedents of competitiveness including hard factors such as facilities, available cargo and cargo processing ability, softer factors spanning human resource management, networks and strategic alliances with universities and government agencies in industry–university–government (I–U–G) networks have been overlooked. This study aims to examine both hard and softer antecedents of competitiveness as perceived by 152 professionals in South Korean CTOCs; empirical relationships among these antecedents, I–U–G networks, and competitiveness itself; and the significance of the I–U–G network in establishing and improving competitiveness. Posited antecedents of competitiveness included human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, reputation, and government support policy as independent variables; the I–U–G network as a moderating variable; and competitiveness as a dependent variable. Empirical structural relationships revealed that excepting government support policy, each variable significantly affected CTOC competitiveness. Further, the I–U–G network moderated the relationships between the antecedents of competitiveness and competitiveness. Because an effective I–U–G network was pivotal in controlling CTOC competitiveness, improved competitiveness requires not only differentiation of human resources, facilities, service quality, customer orientation, and reputation factors but also I–U–G network developments.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoon, Junghyun & Lee, Hee Yong & Dinwoodie, John, 2015. "Competitiveness of container terminal operating companies in South Korea and the industry–university–government network," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1-14.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:80:y:2015:i:c:p:1-14
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2015.07.009
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856415001913
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tra.2015.07.009?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Etzkowitz, Henry & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2000. "The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and "Mode 2" to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 109-123, February.
    2. Haezendonck, Elvira & Verbeke, Alain & Coeck, Chris, 2006. "Strategic Positioning Analysis for Seaports," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 141-169, January.
    3. Sanchez Rodrigues, Vasco & Beresford, Anthony & Pettit, Stephen & Bhattacharya, Syamantak & Harris, Irina, 2014. "Assessing the cost and CO2e impacts of rerouteing UK import containers," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 53-67.
    4. Ricardo J Sánchez & Jan Hoffmann & Alejandro Micco & Georgina V Pizzolitto & Martín Sgut & Gordon Wilmsmeier, 2003. "Port Efficiency and International Trade: Port Efficiency as a Determinant of Maritime Transport Costs," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 5(2), pages 199-218, June.
    5. Rivera, Liliana & Sheffi, Yossi & Welsch, Roy, 2014. "Logistics agglomeration in the US," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 222-238.
    6. P. W. de Langen, 2002. "Clustering and performance: the case of maritime clustering in The Netherlands," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(3), pages 209-221.
    7. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    8. H. Meersman & E. Van De Voorde & T. Vanelslander, 2010. "Port Competition Revisited," Review of Business and Economic Literature, Intersentia, vol. 55(2), pages 210-233, June.
    9. Yuen, Chi-lok Andrew & Zhang, Anming & Cheung, Waiman, 2012. "Port competitiveness from the users' perspective: An analysis of major container ports in China and its neighboring countries," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 34-40.
    10. Yeo, Gi-Tae & Roe, Michael & Dinwoodie, John, 2008. "Evaluating the competitiveness of container ports in Korea and China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 910-921, July.
    11. Yap, Wei Yim & Lam, Jasmine S.L., 2006. "Competition dynamics between container ports in East Asia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 35-51, January.
    12. R. Midoro & E. Musso & F. Parola *, 2005. "Maritime liner shipping and the stevedoring industry: market structure and competition strategies," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(2), pages 89-106, April.
    13. Alfred J Baird, 2000. "Port Privatisation: Objectives, Extent, Process, and the UK Experience," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 2(3), pages 177-194, September.
    14. Jo Reynaerts, 2010. "Simulating mergers between stevedores," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 12(1), pages 8-35, March.
    15. González, MarI´a Manuela & Trujillo, Lourdes, 2008. "Reforms and infrastructure efficiency in Spain's container ports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 243-257, January.
    16. Christopher M. Anderson & Yong-An Park & Young-Tae Chang & Chang-Ho Yang & Tae-Woo Lee & Meifeng Luo, 2008. "A game-theoretic analysis of competition among container port hubs: the case of Busan and Shanghai 1," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(1), pages 5-26, February.
    17. Hilde Meersman & Eddy Van de Voorde & Thierry Vanelslander, 2013. "Nothing remains the same! Port competition revisited," Chapters, in: Thomas Vanoutrive & Ann Verhetsel (ed.), Smart Transport Networks, chapter 2, pages 9-28, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    18. Tongzon, Jose & Heng, Wu, 2005. "Port privatization, efficiency and competitiveness: Some empirical evidence from container ports (terminals)," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 405-424, June.
    19. Bruno De Borger & Stef Proost & Kurt Van Dender, 2008. "Private Port Pricing and Public Investment in Port and Hinterland Capacity," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 42(3), pages 527-561, September.
    20. Mercedes Delgado & Michael E. Porter & Scott Stern, 2010. "Clusters and entrepreneurship," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 10(4), pages 495-518, July.
    21. Armstrong, J. Scott & Overton, Terry S., 1977. "Estimating Nonresponse Bias in Mail Surveys," MPRA Paper 81694, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Saeed, Naima & Larsen, Odd I., 2010. "An application of cooperative game among container terminals of one port," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 203(2), pages 393-403, June.
    23. Wang, Yuhong & Cullinane, Kevin, 2014. "Traffic consolidation in East Asian container ports: A network flow analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 152-163.
    24. T. Heaver & H. Meersman & E. Van De Voorde, 2001. "Co-operation and competition in international container transport: strategies for ports," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(3), pages 293-305, July.
    25. Geraldo Araujo De Souza Junior & Anthony K C Beresford & Stephen J Pettit, 2003. "Liner Shipping Companies and Terminal Operators: Internationalisation or Globalisation?," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 5(4), pages 393-412, December.
    26. Heaver, T. & Meersman, H. & van de Voorde, E., 2001. "Co-Operation and Competition in International Container Transport Strategies for Ports," Research Papers 24173, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Applied Economic Sciences.
    27. Jeffrey S. Conant & Michael P. Mokwa & P. Rajan Varadarajan, 1990. "Strategic types, distinctive marketing competencies and organizational performance: A multiple measures‐based study," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(5), pages 365-383, September.
    28. Yuen, Andrew Chi-lok & Zhang, Anming & Cheung, Waiman, 2013. "Foreign participation and competition: A way to improve the container port efficiency in China?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 220-231.
    29. Richardson, G B, 1972. "The Organisation of Industry," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 82(327), pages 883-896, September.
    30. Asgari, Nasrin & Farahani, Reza Zanjirani & Goh, Mark, 2013. "Network design approach for hub ports-shipping companies competition and cooperation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-18.
    31. Cullinane, Kevin & Wang, Teng-Fei & Song, Dong-Wook & Ji, Ping, 2006. "The technical efficiency of container ports: Comparing data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 40(4), pages 354-374, May.
    32. Yeo, Gi-Tae & Pak, Ji-Yeong & Yang, Zaili, 2013. "Analysis of dynamic effects on seaports adopting port security policy," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 285-301.
    33. Edgar M. Hoover, 1937. "Spatial Price Discrimination," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 182-191.
    34. Iannone, Fedele, 2012. "The private and social cost efficiency of port hinterland container distribution through a regional logistics system," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(9), pages 1424-1448.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Junghyun Yoon & Jaehoon Rhee & Alisher Tohirovich Dedahanov, 2017. "The roles of networks among innovators in regional innovation: comparative analysis between China and South Korea," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(5), pages 790-804, May.
    2. Marco Ferretti & Eva Panetti & Adele Parmentola & Marcello Risitano, 2017. "The port community system as a local innovation system: A theoretical framework," MERCATI & COMPETITIVIT?, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2017(1), pages 97-118.
    3. Vu, Khuong & Hartley, Kris, 2022. "Sources of transport sector labor productivity performance in industrialized countries: Insights from a decomposition analysis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 204-218.
    4. Hokey Min & Seung-Bum Ahn & Hyang-Sook Lee & Heekeon Park, 2017. "An integrated terminal operating system for enhancing the efficiency of seaport terminal operators," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 19(3), pages 428-450, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Junghyun Yoon & Jaehoon Rhee & Alisher Tohirovich Dedahanov, 2017. "The roles of networks among innovators in regional innovation: comparative analysis between China and South Korea," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(5), pages 790-804, May.
    2. Song, Dong-Ping & Lyons, Andrew & Li, Dong & Sharifi, Hossein, 2016. "Modeling port competition from a transport chain perspective," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 75-96.
    3. Luo, Meifeng & Chen, Fuying & Zhang, Jiantong, 2022. "Relationships among port competition, cooperation and competitiveness: A literature review," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 1-9.
    4. Lam, Jasmine Siu Lee & Yap, Wei Yim, 2011. "Dynamics of liner shipping network and port connectivity in supply chain systems: analysis on East Asia," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 1272-1281.
    5. Figueiredo De Oliveira, Gabriel & Cariou, Pierre, 2015. "The impact of competition on container port (in)efficiency," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 124-133.
    6. Marasco, Addolorata & Romano, Alessandro, 2018. "Inter-port interactions in the Le Havre-Hamburg range: A scenario analysis using a nonautonomous Lotka Volterra model," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 207-220.
    7. Francesca Medda & Qianwen Liu, 2013. "Determinants and strategies for the development of container terminals," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 83-98, August.
    8. Peng, Peng & Yang, Yu & Lu, Feng & Cheng, Shifen & Mou, Naixia & Yang, Ren, 2018. "Modelling the competitiveness of the ports along the Maritime Silk Road with big data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 852-867.
    9. Mingzhu Yu & Chung-Yee Lee & James Jixian Wang, 2017. "The regional port competition with different terminal competition intensity," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 659-688, December.
    10. Lee, Chung-Yee & Song, Dong-Ping, 2017. "Ocean container transport in global supply chains: Overview and research opportunities," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 442-474.
    11. Cheng-Hsien Hsieh, 2014. "Disaster risk assessment of ports based on the perspective of vulnerability," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 851-864, November.
    12. Yuen, Andrew Chi-lok & Zhang, Anming & Cheung, Waiman, 2013. "Foreign participation and competition: A way to improve the container port efficiency in China?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 220-231.
    13. Gharehgozli, A.H. & Roy, D. & de Koster, M.B.M., 2014. "Sea Container Terminals," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2014-009-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    14. Hong-Oanh Nguyen & Hong-Son Nghiem & Young-Tae Chang, 2018. "A regional perspective of port performance using metafrontier analysis: the case study of Vietnamese ports," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 20(1), pages 112-130, March.
    15. Merkel, Axel & Holmgren, Johan, 2017. "Dredging the depths of knowledge: Efficiency analysis in the maritime port sector," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 63-74.
    16. Álvarez-SanJaime, Óscar & Cantos-Sánchez, Pedro & Moner-Colonques, Rafael & Sempere-Monerris, José J., 2013. "Vertical integration and exclusivities in maritime freight transport," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 50-61.
    17. Chen, Jihong & Wan, Zheng & Zhang, Fangwei & Park, Nam-kyu & Zheng, Aibing & Zhao, Jun, 2018. "Evaluation and comparison of the development performances of typical free trade port zones in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 506-526.
    18. Bichou, K. & Gray, R., 2005. "A critical review of conventional terminology for classifying seaports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 75-92, January.
    19. Kammoun, Rabeb & Abdennadher, Chokri, 2022. "Seaport efficiency and competitiveness in European seaports," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 113-124.
    20. Heaver, Trevor, 2006. "The Evolution and Challenges of Port Economics," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 11-41, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:80:y:2015:i:c:p:1-14. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/547/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.