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How to measure banking regulation and supervision

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  • Pereira Pedro, Cristina
  • Ramalho, Joaquim J.S.
  • Silva, Jacinto Vidigal da

Abstract

This paper uses data from 141 countries to identify the variables that best characterize worldwide banking regulation and supervision practices. We apply a nonlinear principal components analysis with optimal variable transformation to deal with the variables’ mixed measurement levels and reduce data dimensionality. The robustness of the results is tested for different subsamples. The findings indicate that deposit insurance, liquidity, diversification requirements, complementary banking activities, and market discipline are the most reliable indicators to measure regulation. In contrast, resolution activities, the mandate of the head of the supervisory agency, and the report of prudential regulation infractions assume the same role for banking supervision. Capital requirements and ownership are of minor relevance and are sensitive to a country’s development level. China and Germany display the most distinct regulation practices, while China and the UK adopt the most stringent policies regarding supervision.

Suggested Citation

  • Pereira Pedro, Cristina & Ramalho, Joaquim J.S. & Silva, Jacinto Vidigal da, 2023. "How to measure banking regulation and supervision," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:riibaf:v:66:y:2023:i:c:s027553192300185x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2023.102059
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Banking regulation; Banking supervision; Nonlinear principal components analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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