Exploring the impact of blockchain technology adoption on sustainable supply chain performance

Incorporating state-of-the-art technology into supply chain management has become a core focus for improving operational sustainability and efficiency. However, despite aggregate investment in disruptive technologies such as blockchain technology, there are still gaps in our understanding of their specific impact on sustainable supply chain performance, especially in developing economies. This study aims to establish a research model and conduct an empirical analysis to comprehend blockchain technology adoption's transformational potential in the supply chain environment. The required data was collected from the managers of the manufacturing organizations via a structured questionnaire (n = 268). Structural equation modeling, bootstrapping, and importance-performance map analysis have been performed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results provide significant insights into how organizational compatibility interacts with blockchain technology adoption and explain the mechanism of how blockchain technology adoption affects sustainable supply chain performance through supply chain ambidexterity and survivability. However, the results did not demonstrate a direct impact of blockchain technology adoption on sustainable supply chain performance. The findings reveal the theoretical advances of industrial supply chain practitioners and scholars and their practical significance in positively contributing to strategic decision-making.