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Individualized disability support schemes and their impact on autism diagnoses

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  • Ranjan, Maathumai
  • Breunig, Robert

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of individualized funding for disability supports on autism diagnoses. We identify these effects using the staggered roll out of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS), which provides individualized funding for non-medical disability interventions. We find compelling evidence that the introduction of the NDIS has led to a 32 % increase in reported autism prevalence and accounts for 47 % of new diagnoses since the introduction of the scheme. We find a significant reduction in diagnoses from government subsided healthcare professionals, accompanied by an increase in diagnoses from disability service providers. A lower threshold for autism recognition appears more consistent with our results than catch-up in historically underdiagnosed groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Ranjan, Maathumai & Breunig, Robert, 2026. "Individualized disability support schemes and their impact on autism diagnoses," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jhecon:v:105:y:2026:i:c:s0167629625001353
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2025.103100
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    JEL classification:

    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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