IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ijoais/v55y2024ics1467089524000484.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A scoping review of ChatGPT research in accounting and finance

Author

Listed:
  • Dong, Mengming Michael
  • Stratopoulos, Theophanis C.
  • Wang, Victor Xiaoqi

Abstract

This paper provides a review of recent publications and working papers on ChatGPT and related Large Language Models (LLMs) in accounting and finance. The aim is to understand the current state of research in these two areas and identify potential research opportunities for future inquiry. We identify three common themes from these earlier studies. The first theme focuses on applications of ChatGPT and LLMs in various fields of accounting and finance. The second theme utilizes ChatGPT and LLMs as a new research tool by leveraging their capabilities such as classification, summarization, and text generation. The third theme investigates implications of LLM adoption for accounting and finance professionals, as well as for various organizations and sectors. While these earlier studies provide valuable insights, they leave many important questions unanswered or partially addressed. We propose venues for further exploration and provide technical guidance for researchers seeking to employ ChatGPT and related LLMs as a tool for their research.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong, Mengming Michael & Stratopoulos, Theophanis C. & Wang, Victor Xiaoqi, 2024. "A scoping review of ChatGPT research in accounting and finance," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:55:y:2024:i:c:s1467089524000484
    DOI: 10.1016/j.accinf.2024.100715
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467089524000484
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.accinf.2024.100715?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Boyang Chen & Zongxiao Wu & Ruoran Zhao, 2023. "From fiction to fact: the growing role of generative AI in business and finance," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 471-496, October.
    2. Boyu Zhang & Hongyang Yang & Xiao-Yang Liu, 2023. "Instruct-FinGPT: Financial Sentiment Analysis by Instruction Tuning of General-Purpose Large Language Models," Papers 2306.12659, arXiv.org.
    3. Lennart Ante & Ender Demir, 2024. "The ChatGPT effect on AI-themed cryptocurrencies," Economics and Business Letters, Oviedo University Press, vol. 13(1), pages 29-38.
    4. Michael P. Devereux & John Vella, 2014. "Are We Heading towards a Corporate Tax System Fit for the 21-super-st Century?," Fiscal Studies, Institute for Fiscal Studies, vol. 35, pages 449-475, December.
    5. Saggu, Aman & Ante, Lennart, 2023. "The influence of ChatGPT on artificial intelligence related crypto assets: Evidence from a synthetic control analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    6. Mary E. Barth & Wayne R. Landsman & Mark H. Lang, 2008. "International Accounting Standards and Accounting Quality," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(3), pages 467-498, June.
    7. Brian W. Nocco & René M. Stulz, 2006. "Enterprise Risk Management: Theory and Practice," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 18(4), pages 8-20, September.
    8. Wahyono, Budi & Rapih, Subroto & Boungou, Whelsy, 2023. "Unleashing the wordsmith: Analysing the stock market reactions to the launch of ChatGPT in the US Education sector," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    9. Niszczota, Paweł & Abbas, Sami, 2023. "GPT has become financially literate: Insights from financial literacy tests of GPT and a preliminary test of how people use it as a source of advice," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PA).
    10. Snyder, Hannah, 2019. "Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 333-339.
    11. Harjit Singh & Avneet Singh, 2023. "ChatGPT: Systematic Review, Applications, and Agenda for Multidisciplinary Research," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(2), pages 193-212, April.
    12. Sutton, Steve G., 2010. "A research discipline with no boundaries: Reflections on 20years of defining AIS research," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 289-296.
    13. Paul Glasserman & Caden Lin, 2023. "Assessing Look-Ahead Bias in Stock Return Predictions Generated By GPT Sentiment Analysis," Papers 2309.17322, arXiv.org.
    14. Christian Fieberg & Lars Hornuf & David J. Streich, 2023. "Using GPT-4 for Financial Advice," CESifo Working Paper Series 10529, CESifo.
    15. Beyer, Anne & Cohen, Daniel A. & Lys, Thomas Z. & Walther, Beverly R., 2010. "The financial reporting environment: Review of the recent literature," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 296-343, December.
    16. Shijie Wu & Ozan Irsoy & Steven Lu & Vadim Dabravolski & Mark Dredze & Sebastian Gehrmann & Prabhanjan Kambadur & David Rosenberg & Gideon Mann, 2023. "BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance," Papers 2303.17564, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2023.
    17. Leippold, Markus, 2023. "Sentiment spin: Attacking financial sentiment with GPT-3," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    18. Stephen A. Zeff, 2013. "The objectives of financial reporting: a historical survey and analysis," Accounting and Business Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(4), pages 262-327, August.
    19. Ángel Iván Moreno & Teresa Caminero, 2023. "Assessing the data challenges of climate-related disclosures in european banks. A text mining study," Working Papers 2326, Banco de España.
    20. Dowling, Michael & Lucey, Brian, 2023. "ChatGPT for (Finance) research: The Bananarama Conjecture," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    21. Hassnian Ali & Ahmet Faruk Aysan, 2023. "What will ChatGPT revolutionize in the financial industry?," Modern Finance, Modern Finance Institute, vol. 1(1), pages 116-129.
    22. Michelle Alexopoulos, 2011. "Read All about It!! What Happens Following a Technology Shock?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(4), pages 1144-1179, June.
    23. Markus Leippold, 2023. "Sentiment Spin: Attacking Financial Sentiment with GPT-3," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-11, Swiss Finance Institute.
    24. Zihan Chen & Lei Nico Zheng & Cheng Lu & Jialu Yuan & Di Zhu, 2023. "ChatGPT Informed Graph Neural Network for Stock Movement Prediction," Papers 2306.03763, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2023.
    25. Tyna Eloundou & Sam Manning & Pamela Mishkin & Daniel Rock, 2023. "GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models," Papers 2303.10130, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    26. Hanlon, Michelle & Heitzman, Shane, 2010. "A review of tax research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 127-178, December.
    27. Nguyen, Khanh Quoc & Nguyen, Thanh Huong & Do, Bao Linh, 2023. "Narrative attention and related cryptocurrency returns," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    28. Pelster, Matthias & Val, Joel, 2024. "Can ChatGPT assist in picking stocks?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    29. Ghio, Alessandro, 2024. "Democratizing academic research with Artificial Intelligence: The misleading case of language," CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ACCOUNTING, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    30. Oleksandr Romanko & Akhilesh Narayan & Roy H. Kwon, 2023. "ChatGPT-Based Investment Portfolio Selection," SN Operations Research Forum, Springer, vol. 4(4), pages 1-27, December.
    31. Jingwei Ni & Julia Bingler & Chiara Colesanti Senni & Mathias Kraus & Glen Gostlow & Tobias Schimanski & Dominik Stammbach & Saeid Vaghefi & Qian Wang & Nicolas Webersinke & Tobias Wekhof & Tingyu Yu , 2023. "chatReport: Democratizing Sustainability Disclosure Analysis through LLM-based Tools," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-111, Swiss Finance Institute.
    32. Kirtac, Kemal & Germano, Guido, 2024. "Sentiment trading with large language models," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 62(PB).
    33. Adam Zaremba & Ender Demir, 2023. "ChatGPT: Unlocking the future of NLP in finance," Modern Finance, Modern Finance Institute, vol. 1(1), pages 93-98.
    34. Domonkos F. Vamossy & Rolf Skog, 2021. "EmTract: Extracting Emotions from Social Media," Papers 2112.03868, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2023.
    35. Michael P. Devereux & John Vella, 2015. "Are We Heading towards a Corporate Tax System Fit for the 21st Century?," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 12(04), pages 03-07, January.
    36. Markus Brunnermeier & Emmanuel Farhi & Ralph S J Koijen & Arvind Krishnamurthy & Sydney C Ludvigson & Hanno Lustig & Stefan Nagel & Monika Piazzesi, 2021. "Review Article: Perspectives on the Future of Asset Pricing [Do survey expectations of stock returns reflect risk-adjustments?]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(4), pages 2126-2160.
    37. Oehler, Andreas & Horn, Matthias, 2024. "Does ChatGPT provide better advice than robo-advisors?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    38. Bughin, Jacques, 2023. "To ChatGPT or not to ChatGPT: A note to marketing executives," Applied Marketing Analytics: The Peer-Reviewed Journal, Henry Stewart Publications, vol. 9(2), pages 110-116, October.
    39. Marius Hofert, 2023. "Assessing ChatGPT’s Proficiency in Quantitative Risk Management," Risks, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-29, September.
    40. Anton Korinek, 2023. "Generative AI for Economic Research: Use Cases and Implications for Economists," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 61(4), pages 1281-1317, December.
    41. Jacques Bughin, 2023. "ChatGPT goes (not yet) to Hollywood," Working Papers TIMES² 2023-063, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    42. Saeid Vaghefi & Qian Wang & Veruska Muccione & Jingwei Ni & Mathias Kraus & Julia Bingler & Tobias Schimanski & Chiara Colesanti Senni & Nicolas Webersinke & Christian Huggel & Markus Leippold, 2023. "ChatClimate: Grounding Conversational AI in Climate Science," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-88, Swiss Finance Institute.
    43. Alonso-Robisco, Andres & Carbó, José Manuel, 2023. "Analysis of CBDC narrative by central banks using large language models," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    44. Udit Gupta, 2023. "GPT-InvestAR: Enhancing Stock Investment Strategies through Annual Report Analysis with Large Language Models," Papers 2309.03079, arXiv.org.
    45. Ole-Kristian Hope & Danqi Hu & Hai Lu, 2016. "The benefits of specific risk-factor disclosures," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1005-1045, December.
    46. Charl de Villiers & Ruth Dimes & Matteo Molinari, 2023. "How will AI text generation and processing impact sustainability reporting? Critical analysis, a conceptual framework and avenues for future research," Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(1), pages 96-118, September.
    47. Ko, Hyungjin & Lee, Jaewook, 2024. "Can ChatGPT improve investment decisions? From a portfolio management perspective," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    48. Huseynov, Samir, 2025. "ChatGPT and the labor market: Unraveling the effect of AI discussions on students’ earning expectations," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    49. Susana Álvarez-Díez & J. Samuel Baixauli-Soler & Anna Kondratenko & Gabriel Lozano-Reina, 2024. "Dividend announcement and the value of sentiment analysis," Journal of Management Analytics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(2), pages 161-181, April.
    50. Nikodem Szumilo & Thomas Wiegelmann, 2024. "Real Estate Insights AI: real estate’s new roommate – the good, the bad and the algorithmic," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 42(2), pages 211-217, March.
    51. Ballantine, Joan & Boyce, Gordon & Stoner, Greg, 2024. "A critical review of AI in accounting education: Threat and opportunity," CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ACCOUNTING, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    52. Smales, Lee A., 2023. "Classification of RBA monetary policy announcements using ChatGPT," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    53. Marius Hofert, 2023. "Correlation Pitfalls with ChatGPT: Would You Fall for Them?," Risks, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, June.
    54. Leippold, Markus, 2023. "Thus spoke GPT-3: Interviewing a large-language model on climate finance," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    55. Wei, Tian & Wu, Han & Chu, Gang, 2023. "Is ChatGPT competent? Heterogeneity in the cognitive schemas of financial auditors and robots," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1389-1396.
    56. Kausik, B.N., 2023. "Long Tails & the Impact of GPT on Labor," MPRA Paper 117063, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    57. Stratopoulos, Theophanis C. & Wang, Victor Xiaoqi, 2022. "Estimating the duration of competitive advantage from emerging technology adoption," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    58. Oleksandr Romanko & Akhilesh Narayan & Roy H. Kwon, 2023. "ChatGPT-based Investment Portfolio Selection," Papers 2308.06260, arXiv.org.
    59. Mélanie Roussy & Alexandre Perron, 2018. "New Perspectives in Internal Audit Research: A Structured Literature Review," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), pages 345-385, September.
    60. Hongyang Yang & Xiao-Yang Liu & Christina Dan Wang, 2023. "FinGPT: Open-Source Financial Large Language Models," Papers 2306.06031, arXiv.org.
    61. Almeida, José & Gonçalves, Tiago Cruz, 2024. "The AI revolution: are crypto markets more efficient after ChatGPT 3?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    62. Wood, David A. & Achhpilia, Muskan P. & Adams, Mollie T. & Aghazadeh, Sanaz & Akinyele, Kazeem & Akpan, Mfon & Allee, Kristian D. & Allen, Abigail M. & Almer, Elizabeth D. & Ames, Daniel & Arity, Vikt, 2023. "The ChatGPT artificial intelligence chatbot: How well does it answer accounting assessment questions?," Other publications TiSEM b4a29b3e-18a1-4259-a70c-d, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    63. Tim Loughran & Bill Mcdonald, 2011. "When Is a Liability Not a Liability? Textual Analysis, Dictionaries, and 10‐Ks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 35-65, February.
    64. DeFond, Mark & Zhang, Jieying, 2014. "A review of archival auditing research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(2), pages 275-326.
    65. Xiang Hui & Oren Reshef & Luofeng Zhou, 2023. "The Short-Term Effects of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Employment: Evidence from an Online Labor Market," CESifo Working Paper Series 10601, CESifo.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Julian Junyan Wang & Victor Xiaoqi Wang, 2024. "Leveraging Large Language Models to Democratize Access to Costly Datasets for Academic Research," Papers 2412.02065, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2025.
    2. Junhua Liu, 2024. "A Survey of Financial AI: Architectures, Advances and Open Challenges," Papers 2411.12747, arXiv.org.
    3. Simon Jehnen & Joaqu'in Ordieres-Mer'e & Javier Villalba-D'iez, 2025. "FinTextSim: Enhancing Financial Text Analysis with BERTopic," Papers 2504.15683, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dong, Mengming Michael & Stratopoulos, Theophanis C. & Wang, Victor Xiaoqi, 2024. "A scoping review of ChatGPT research in accounting and finance," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    2. Julian Junyan Wang & Victor Xiaoqi Wang, 2025. "Assessing Consistency and Reproducibility in the Outputs of Large Language Models: Evidence Across Diverse Finance and Accounting Tasks," Papers 2503.16974, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2025.
    3. Yuqi Nie & Yaxuan Kong & Xiaowen Dong & John M. Mulvey & H. Vincent Poor & Qingsong Wen & Stefan Zohren, 2024. "A Survey of Large Language Models for Financial Applications: Progress, Prospects and Challenges," Papers 2406.11903, arXiv.org.
    4. Chiu, Ya-Ling & Gao, Xuechen & Liu, Hung-Chun & Zhai, Qiong, 2025. "Financial literacy of ChatGPT: Evidence through financial news," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    5. Lars Hornuf & David J. Streich & Niklas Töllich, 2025. "Making GenAI Smarter: Evidence from a Portfolio Allocation Experiment," CESifo Working Paper Series 11862, CESifo.
    6. Song, Piaopeng & Lu, Hanglin & Zhang, Yongjie, 2024. "Unveiling tone manipulation in MD&A: Evidence from ChatGPT experiments," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 67(PA).
    7. Perlin, Marcelo S. & Foguesatto, Cristian R. & Müller, Fernanda M. & Righi, Marcelo B., 2025. "Can AI beat a naive portfolio? An experiment with anonymized data," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    8. Zifeng Feng & Gangqing Hu & Bingxin Li & Jinge Wang, 2025. "Unleashing the power of ChatGPT in finance research: opportunities and challenges," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 11(1), pages 1-26, December.
    9. Beckmann, Lars & Hark, Paul F., 2024. "ChatGPT and the banking business: Insights from the US stock market on potential implications for banks," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    10. Smales, Lee A., 2023. "Classification of RBA monetary policy announcements using ChatGPT," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    11. Zhisheng Chen, 2025. "Revolutionizing finance with conversational AI: a focus on ChatGPT implementation and challenges," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    12. Gregory, Gadzinski & Vito, Liuzzi, 2024. "ChatGPT: A canary in the coal mine or a parrot in the echo chamber? Detecting fraud with LLM: The case of FTX," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    13. Wang, Jying-Nan & Liu, Hung-Chun & Hsu, Yuan-Teng, 2025. "Do AI incidents and hazards matter for AI-themed cryptocurrency returns?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    14. Agbon, Gildas, 2024. "Who speaks through the machine? Generative AI as discourse and implications for management," CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ACCOUNTING, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    15. Minh Tam Tammy Schlosky & Serkan Karadas & Sterling Raskie, 2024. "ChatGPT, Help! I Am in Financial Trouble," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-39, June.
    16. Sui, Cong & Wang, Shuhan & Zheng, Wei, 2024. "Sentiment as a shipping market predictor: Testing market-specific language models," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    17. Julian Junyan Wang & Victor Xiaoqi Wang, 2024. "Leveraging Large Language Models to Democratize Access to Costly Datasets for Academic Research," Papers 2412.02065, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2025.
    18. Ko, Hyungjin & Lee, Jaewook, 2024. "Can ChatGPT improve investment decisions? From a portfolio management perspective," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    19. Duan, Mingli, 2025. "The signaling effect of tone: The influence of key audit matters’ tone on bank lending decisions," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    20. Thanos Konstantinidis & Giorgos Iacovides & Mingxue Xu & Tony G. Constantinides & Danilo Mandic, 2024. "FinLlama: Financial Sentiment Classification for Algorithmic Trading Applications," Papers 2403.12285, arXiv.org.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:55:y:2024:i:c:s1467089524000484. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-accounting-information-systems/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.