IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v320y2025ics036054422500831x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Interactions among correlations: How does the volatility of the carbon-energy price correlations transmit across different time scales?

Author

Listed:
  • Yu, Hui
  • Li, Huiru

Abstract

Not only do the carbon and energy prices influence each other, but their correlations also affect one another. Revealing the volatility transmission of the carbon-energy price correlations across various scales facilitates a deep understanding of the risk propagation between the two markets. We study the multiscale fluctuation characteristics and the cross-scale volatility transmission of the carbon-energy price correlations. The results show that the volatility spillover between the carbon-energy price correlations is strong in the time-frequency domain. The daily carbon-energy price correlations are the primary source of volatility spillovers. The short-term correlations show a "bidirectional spillover" pattern within the volatility spillover system. The short-term carbon-coal price correlations are the key to volatility risk propagation, and the short-term carbon-oil price correlations play a central role in receiving volatility risks. The longest volatility transmission path shows that the transmission of the correlation fluctuations might be concentrated on certain specific scales. This also highlights the potential for cross-market systemic risks. The strongest transmission path indicates that the semi-monthly carbon-coal correlations are the bridge, and the daily carbon-oil correlations are the most affected factor in the cross-market volatility risk transmission. A periodicity-based reference for decision-making is provided based on these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu, Hui & Li, Huiru, 2025. "Interactions among correlations: How does the volatility of the carbon-energy price correlations transmit across different time scales?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s036054422500831x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135189
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422500831X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135189?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qiao, Sen & Guo, Zi Xin & Tao, Zhang & Ren, Zheng Yu, 2023. "Analyzing the network structure of risk transmission among renewable, non-renewable energy and carbon markets," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 206-217.
    2. Ding, Qian & Huang, Jianbai & Zhang, Hongwei, 2022. "Time-frequency spillovers among carbon, fossil energy and clean energy markets: The effects of attention to climate change," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Qichuan Jiang & Xuejiao Ma, 2022. "Risk transmission between old and new energy markets from a multi-scale perspective: the role of the EU emissions trading system," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(26), pages 2949-2968, June.
    4. Balcılar, Mehmet & Demirer, Rıza & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2016. "Risk spillovers across the energy and carbon markets and hedging strategies for carbon risk," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 159-172.
    5. Chevallier, Julien & Khuong Nguyen, Duc & Carlos Reboredo, Juan, 2019. "A conditional dependence approach to CO2-energy price relationships," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 812-821.
    6. Lin, Yu & Lu, Qin & Tan, Bin & Yu, Yuanyuan, 2022. "Forecasting energy prices using a novel hybrid model with variational mode decomposition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    7. Wen, Xiaoqian & Bouri, Elie & Roubaud, David, 2017. "Can energy commodity futures add to the value of carbon assets?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 194-206.
    8. Byun, Suk Joon & Cho, Hangjun, 2013. "Forecasting carbon futures volatility using GARCH models with energy volatilities," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 207-221.
    9. repec:dau:papers:123456789/6790 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Lu Yang & Shigeyuki Hamori & Xiaojing Cai, 2023. "A Multiple Timescales Conditional Causal Analysis on the Carbon-Energy Relationship: Evidence from European and Emerging Markets," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(8), pages 2775-2785, June.
    11. Cao, Guangxi & Xu, Wei, 2016. "Nonlinear structure analysis of carbon and energy markets with MFDCCA based on maximum overlap wavelet transform," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 444(C), pages 505-523.
    12. Jiang, Wei & Chen, Yunfei, 2022. "The time-frequency connectedness among metal, energy and carbon markets pre and during COVID-19 outbreak," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    13. Zhou, Yuqin & Wu, Shan & Zhang, Zeyi, 2022. "Multidimensional risk spillovers among carbon, energy and nonferrous metals markets: Evidence from the quantile VAR network," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    14. Aatola, Piia & Ollikainen, Markku & Toppinen, Anne, 2013. "Price determination in the EU ETS market: Theory and econometric analysis with market fundamentals," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 380-395.
    15. Zeyu Zheng & Kazuko Yamasaki & Joel N. Tenenbaum & H. Eugene Stanley, 2012. "Carbon-dioxide emissions trading and hierarchical structure in worldwide finance and commodities markets," Papers 1205.1861, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2013.
    16. An, Haizhong & Gao, Xiangyun & Fang, Wei & Ding, Yinghui & Zhong, Weiqiong, 2014. "Research on patterns in the fluctuation of the co-movement between crude oil futures and spot prices: A complex network approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1067-1075.
    17. Chun Jiang & Yi-Fan Wu & Xiao-Lin Li & Xin Li, 2020. "Time-frequency Connectedness between Coal Market Prices, New Energy Stock Prices and CO 2 Emissions Trading Prices in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, April.
    18. Yousefi, Shahriar & Weinreich, Ilona & Reinarz, Dominik, 2005. "Wavelet-based prediction of oil prices," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 265-275.
    19. Yu, Lean & Li, Jingjing & Tang, Ling & Wang, Shuai, 2015. "Linear and nonlinear Granger causality investigation between carbon market and crude oil market: A multi-scale approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 300-311.
    20. Huang, Xuan & An, Haizhong & Gao, Xiangyun & Hao, Xiaoqing & Liu, Pengpeng, 2015. "Multiresolution transmission of the correlation modes between bivariate time series based on complex network theory," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 428(C), pages 493-506.
    21. Wu, Tao & Gao, Xiangyun & An, Sufang & Liu, Siyao, 2021. "Time-varying pattern causality inference in global stock markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    22. Julien Chevallier, 2012. "Time-varying correlations in oil, gas and CO 2 prices: an application using BEKK, CCC and DCC-MGARCH models," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(32), pages 4257-4274, November.
    23. Rundong Luo & Yan Li & Zhicheng Wang & Mengjiao Sun, 2022. "Co-Movement between Carbon Prices and Energy Prices in Time and Frequency Domains: A Wavelet-Based Analysis for Beijing Carbon Emission Trading System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-15, April.
    24. Vellachami, Sanggetha & Hasanov, Akram Shavkatovich & Brooks, Robert, 2023. "Risk transmission from the energy markets to the carbon market: Evidence from the recursive window approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    25. Chen, Lin & Han, Qian & Qiao, Zhilin & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2020. "Correlation analysis and systemic risk measurement of regional, financial and global stock indices," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 542(C).
    26. Xiaohang Ren & Yue Dou & Kangyin Dong & Yiying Li, 2022. "Information spillover and market connectedness: multi-scale quantile-on-quantile analysis of the crude oil and carbon markets," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(38), pages 4465-4485, August.
    27. Tehreem Fatima & Mohd Zaini abd Karim & Muhammad Saeed Meo, 2021. "Sectoral CO2 emissions in China: asymmetric and time-varying analysis," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 64(4), pages 581-610, March.
    28. Reboredo, Juan C. & Rivera-Castro, Miguel A., 2014. "Wavelet-based evidence of the impact of oil prices on stock returns," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 145-176.
    29. Yaqi Wu & Chen Zhang & Po Yun & Dandan Zhu & Wei Cao & Zulfiqar Ali Wagan, 2021. "Time–frequency analysis of the interaction mechanism between European carbon and crude oil markets," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(7), pages 1331-1357, November.
    30. Dan Nie & Yanbin Li & Xiyu Li & Xuejiao Zhou & Feng Zhang, 2022. "The Dynamic Spillover between Renewable Energy, Crude Oil and Carbon Market: New Evidence from Time and Frequency Domains," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-28, May.
    31. Liu, Jianing & Man, Yuanyuan & Dong, Xiuliang, 2023. "Tail dependence and risk spillover effects between China's carbon market and energy markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 553-567.
    32. Silvo Dajčman, 2013. "Interdependence Between Some Major European Stock Markets - A Wavelet Lead/Lag Analysis," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2013(1), pages 28-49.
    33. Libo Yin & Liyan Han, 2013. "Exogenous Shocks and Information Transmission in Global Copper Futures Markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(8), pages 724-751, August.
    34. Yu, Hui & Ding, Yinghui & Sun, Qingru & Gao, Xiangyun & Jia, Xiaoliang & Wang, Xinya & Guo, Sui, 2021. "Multi-scale comovement of the dynamic correlations between copper futures and spot prices," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    35. Huang, Shupei & An, Haizhong & Gao, Xiangyun & Hao, Xiaoqing, 2016. "Unveiling heterogeneities of relations between the entire oil–stock interaction and its components across time scales," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 70-80.
    36. Tan, Xueping & Sirichand, Kavita & Vivian, Andrew & Wang, Xinyu, 2020. "How connected is the carbon market to energy and financial markets? A systematic analysis of spillovers and dynamics," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    37. Jammazi, Rania & Aloui, Chaker, 2012. "Crude oil price forecasting: Experimental evidence from wavelet decomposition and neural network modeling," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 828-841.
    38. Liu, Hsiang-Hsi & Chen, Yi-Chun, 2013. "A study on the volatility spillovers, long memory effects and interactions between carbon and energy markets: The impacts of extreme weather," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 840-855.
    39. Sousa, Rita & Aguiar-Conraria, Luís & Soares, Maria Joana, 2014. "Carbon financial markets: A time–frequency analysis of CO2 prices," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 414(C), pages 118-127.
    40. Jia, Xiaoliang & An, Haizhong & Fang, Wei & Sun, Xiaoqi & Huang, Xuan, 2015. "How do correlations of crude oil prices co-move? A grey correlation-based wavelet perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 588-598.
    41. Wang, Yudong & Guo, Zhuangyue, 2018. "The dynamic spillover between carbon and energy markets: New evidence," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 24-33.
    42. Duan, Kun & Ren, Xiaohang & Shi, Yukun & Mishra, Tapas & Yan, Cheng, 2021. "The marginal impacts of energy prices on carbon price variations: Evidence from a quantile-on-quantile approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    43. Guangxi Cao & Fei Xie & Meijun Ling, 2022. "Spillover effects in Chinese carbon, energy and financial markets," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(3), pages 416-434, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Adekoya, Oluwasegun B. & Oliyide, Johnson A. & Noman, Ambreen, 2021. "The volatility connectedness of the EU carbon market with commodity and financial markets in time- and frequency-domain: The role of the U.S. economic policy uncertainty," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    2. Man, Yuanyuan & Zhang, Sunpei & He, Yongda, 2024. "Dynamic risk spillover and hedging efficacy of China’s carbon-energy-finance markets: Economic policy uncertainty and investor sentiment non-linear causal effects," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 1397-1416.
    3. Lovcha, Yuliya & Perez-Laborda, Alejandro & Sikora, Iryna, 2022. "The determinants of CO2 prices in the EU emission trading system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    4. Chen, Weidong & Xiong, Shi & Chen, Quanyu, 2022. "Characterizing the dynamic evolutionary behavior of multivariate price movement fluctuation in the carbon-fuel energy markets system from complex network perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    5. Yi, Qing & Jiang, Yuanying, 2025. "Time-frequency spillovers between carbon, fossil fuels, and clean energy markets: New insights from the TVP-VAR framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    6. Yang, Ming-Yuan & Chen, Zhanghangjian & Liang, Zongzheng & Li, Sai-Ping, 2023. "Dynamic and asymmetric connectedness in the global “Carbon-Energy-Stock” system under shocks from exogenous events," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    7. Liu, Jianing & Man, Yuanyuan & Dong, Xiuliang, 2023. "Tail dependence and risk spillover effects between China's carbon market and energy markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 553-567.
    8. Qiao, Sen & Dang, Yi Jing & Ren, Zheng Yu & Zhang, Kai Quan, 2023. "The dynamic spillovers among carbon, fossil energy and electricity markets based on a TVP-VAR-SV method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    9. Dai, Xingyu & Xiao, Ling & Wang, Qunwei & Dhesi, Gurjeet, 2021. "Multiscale interplay of higher-order moments between the carbon and energy markets during Phase III of the EU ETS," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    10. Jiang, Wei & Chen, Yunfei, 2022. "The time-frequency connectedness among carbon, traditional/new energy and material markets of China in pre- and post-COVID-19 outbreak periods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    11. Pakrooh, Parisa & Manera, Matteo, 2024. "Causality, Connectedness, and Volatility pass-through among Energy-Metal-Stock-Carbon Markets: New Evidence from the EU," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    12. Hanif, Waqas & Arreola Hernandez, Jose & Mensi, Walid & Kang, Sang Hoon & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2021. "Nonlinear dependence and connectedness between clean/renewable energy sector equity and European emission allowance prices," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    13. Wu, Hao & Huang, Yuan, 2025. "Identifying risk transmission in carbon, energy and metal markets: Evidence from a novel quantile frequency connectedness approach," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    14. Abakah, Emmanuel Joel Aikins & Shao, David Xuefeng & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2024. "Asymmetric relationship between carbon market and energy markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    15. Huang, Shupei & An, Haizhong & Gao, Xiangyun & Sun, Xiaoqi, 2017. "Do oil price asymmetric effects on the stock market persist in multiple time horizons?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1799-1808.
    16. Demiralay, Sercan & Gencer, Hatice Gaye & Bayraci, Selcuk, 2022. "Carbon credit futures as an emerging asset: Hedging, diversification and downside risks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    17. Wang, Xiong & Li, Jingyao & Ren, Xiaohang & Bu, Ruijun & Jawadi, Fredj, 2023. "Economic policy uncertainty and dynamic correlations in energy markets: Assessment and solutions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    18. Wang, Yong & Liu, Shimiao & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul & Lucey, Brian, 2024. "Volatility spillover and hedging strategies among Chinese carbon, energy, and electricity markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    19. Yaqi Wu & Chen Zhang & Po Yun & Dandan Zhu & Wei Cao & Zulfiqar Ali Wagan, 2021. "Time–frequency analysis of the interaction mechanism between European carbon and crude oil markets," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(7), pages 1331-1357, November.
    20. Yanping Liu & Bo Yan, 2024. "Spillover effects of carbon, energy, and stock markets considering economic policy uncertainty," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 48(3), pages 563-591, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s036054422500831x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.