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Reduction of electricity use in Swedish industry and its impact on national power supply and European CO2 emissions

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  • Henning, Dag
  • Trygg, Louise

Abstract

Decreased energy use is crucial for achieving sustainable energy solutions. This paper presents current and possible future electricity use in Swedish industry. Non-heavy lines of business (e.g. food, vehicles) that use one-third of the electricity in Swedish industry are analysed in detail. Most electricity is used in the support processes pumping and ventilation, and manufacturing by decomposition. Energy conservation can take place through e.g. more efficient light fittings and switching off ventilation during night and weekends. By energy-carrier switching, electricity used for heat production is replaced by e.g. fuel. Taking technically possible demand-side measures in the whole lines of business, according to energy audits in a set of factories, means a 35% demand reduction. A systems analysis of power production, trade, demand and conservation was made using the MODEST energy system optimisation model, which uses linear programming and considers the time-dependent impact on demand for days, weeks and seasons. Electricity that is replaced by district heating from a combined heat and power (CHP) plant has a dual impact on the electricity system through reduced demand and increased electricity generation. Reduced electricity consumption and enhanced cogeneration in Sweden enables increased electricity export, which displaces coal-fired condensing plants in the European electricity market and helps to reduce European CO2 emissions. Within the European emission trading system, those electricity conservation measures should be taken that are more cost-efficient than other ways of reducing CO2 emissions. The demand-side measures turn net electricity imports into net export and reduce annual operation costs and net CO2 emissions due to covering Swedish electricity demand by 200 million euros and 6Â Mtonne, respectively. With estimated electricity conservation in the whole of Swedish industry, net electricity exports would be larger and net CO2 emissions would be even smaller.

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  • Henning, Dag & Trygg, Louise, 2008. "Reduction of electricity use in Swedish industry and its impact on national power supply and European CO2 emissions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 2330-2350, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:36:y:2008:i:7:p:2330-2350
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    2. Pardo Martínez, Clara Inés, 2013. "An analysis of eco-efficiency in energy use and CO2 emissions in the Swedish service industries," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 120-130.
    3. Stefan Blomqvist & Lina La Fleur & Shahnaz Amiri & Patrik Rohdin & Louise Ödlund (former Trygg), 2019. "The Impact on System Performance When Renovating a Multifamily Building Stock in a District Heated Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, April.
    4. Tarancón, Miguel Angel & del Río, Pablo & Callejas Albiñana, Fernando, 2010. "Assessing the influence of manufacturing sectors on electricity demand. A cross-country input-output approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 1900-1908, April.
    5. Gebremedhin, Alemayehu & De Oliveira Granheim, Jarle, 2012. "Is there a space for additional renewable energy in the Norwegian power system? Potential for reduced global emission?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 1611-1615.
    6. Levihn, Fabian, 2014. "CO2 emissions accounting: Whether, how, and when different allocation methods should be used," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 811-818.
    7. Blomberg, Jerry & Henriksson, Eva & Lundmark, Robert, 2012. "Energy efficiency and policy in Swedish pulp and paper mills: A data envelopment analysis approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 569-579.
    8. Gebremedhin, Alemayehu, 2012. "Introducing District Heating in a Norwegian town – Potential for reduced Local and Global Emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 300-304.
    9. Difs, Kristina & Danestig, Maria & Trygg, Louise, 2009. "Increased use of district heating in industrial processes - Impacts on heat load duration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(11), pages 2327-2334, November.
    10. Lidberg, T. & Olofsson, T. & Trygg, L., 2016. "System impact of energy efficient building refurbishment within a district heated region," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 45-53.
    11. Amiri, Shahnaz & Henning, Dag & Karlsson, Björn G., 2013. "Simulation and introduction of a CHP plant in a Swedish biogas system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 242-249.
    12. Åberg, M. & Henning, D., 2011. "Optimisation of a Swedish district heating system with reduced heat demand due to energy efficiency measures in residential buildings," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7839-7852.
    13. Erik Dahlquist & Fredrik Wallin & Koteshwar Chirumalla & Reza Toorajipour & Glenn Johansson, 2023. "Balancing Power in Sweden Using Different Renewable Resources, Varying Prices, and Storages Like Batteries in a Resilient Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-28, June.
    14. Åberg, M. & Widén, J. & Henning, D., 2012. "Sensitivity of district heating system operation to heat demand reductions and electricity price variations: A Swedish example," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 525-540.
    15. Olsson, Linda & Wetterlund, Elisabeth & Söderström, Mats, 2015. "Assessing the climate impact of district heating systems with combined heat and power production and industrial excess heat," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 31-39.
    16. Stefan Blomqvist & Shahnaz Amiri & Patrik Rohdin & Louise Ödlund, 2019. "Analyzing the Performance and Control of a Hydronic Pavement System in a District Heating Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-23, May.

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