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Economic support during the COVID crisis. Quantitative easing and lending support schemes in the UK

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  • Fatouh, Mahmoud
  • Giansante, Simone
  • Ongena, Steven

Abstract

We investigate how UK bank business lending responded to the simultaneous use of quantitative easing, leverage ratio capital requirements, and government COVID lending support schemes. We find no evidence that the Brexit wave increased lending to nonfinancial businesses, compared to the previous waves, except for QE-banks subject to the UK leverage ratio, suggesting that the ratio incentivised QE-banks to lend to businesses. The government schemes helped expand lending especially to SMEs post the COVID wave, indicating that complementing QE with other credit easing programmes can reinforce its impact on lending to the real economy. During COVID-stress, changes to the UK leverage ratio supported better market-making in securities markets, and additional QE liquidity boosted stronger repo market intermediation.

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  • Fatouh, Mahmoud & Giansante, Simone & Ongena, Steven, 2021. "Economic support during the COVID crisis. Quantitative easing and lending support schemes in the UK," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:209:y:2021:i:c:s0165176521004158
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2021.110138
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Reint Gropp & Thomas Mosk & Steven Ongena & Carlo Wix, 2019. "Banks Response to Higher Capital Requirements: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(1), pages 266-299.
    2. Butt, Nick & Churm, Rohan & McMahon, Michael & Morotz, Arpad & Schanz, Jochen, 2014. "QE and the bank lending channel in the United Kingdom," Bank of England working papers 511, Bank of England.
    3. Alexander Rodnyansky & Olivier M. Darmouni, 2017. "The Effects of Quantitative Easing on Bank Lending Behavior," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(11), pages 3858-3887.
    4. Joyce, Michael & Spaltro, Marco, 2014. "Quantitative easing and bank lending: a panel data approach," Bank of England working papers 504, Bank of England.
    5. Simone Giansante & Mahmoud Fatouh & Steven Ongena, 2019. "Does Quantitative Easing Boost Bank Lending to the Real Economy or Cause Other Bank Asset Reallocation? The Case of the UK," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 19-72, Swiss Finance Institute.
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    1. Mahmoud Fatouh & Simone Giansante & Steven Ongena, 2024. "Leverage ratio, risk‐based capital requirements, and risk‐taking in the United Kingdom," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(1), pages 31-60, February.
    2. Zaghini, Andrea, 2024. "Unconventional green," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    3. Patrick Cheong-Iao Pang & Wenjing Jiang & Guanwen Pu & Kin-Sun Chan & Ying Lau, 2022. "Social Media Engagement in Two Governmental Schemes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Macao," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-12, July.
    4. Kornher, Lukas & Balezentis, Tomas & Santeramo, Fabio Gaetano, 2024. "EU Food price inflation amid global market turbulences during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine War," MPRA Paper 121673, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Giansante, Simone & Fatouh, Mahmoud & Ongena, Steven, 2022. "The asset reallocation channel of quantitative easing. The case of the UK," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    6. Ferentinos, Konstantinos & Gibberd, Alex & Guin, Benjamin, 2023. "Stranded houses? The price effect of a minimum energy efficiency standard," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    7. Acosta-Smith, Jonathan & Guin, Benjamin & Salgado-Moreno, Mauricio & Vo, Quynh-Anh, 2023. "Understanding climate-related disclosures of UK financial institutions," Bank of England working papers 1017, Bank of England.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Monetary policy; Quantitative easing; Bank lending;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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