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How Will Demographic Characteristics of the Labor Force Matter for the Global Economy and Carbon Dioxide Emissions?

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  • Wei, Taoyuan
  • Zhu, Qin
  • Glomsrød, Solveig

Abstract

In many regions including the United States, Europe, Japan, and China, the proportion of the elderly in the population has been increasing in the past decades and will continue to do so in the coming decades. The aging process implies reduced labor supply, thus affecting economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores whether and to what extent age-and-gender-specific labor force participation rates affect regional and global economies and associated emissions, using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Assuming that labor supply is proportional to the population size will underestimate future economic growth and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India, but overestimate economic growth and emissions substantially in the key aging regions of United States, European Union, Japan, Russia and China. Further, results show that participation of the elderly population in the labor market has the potential to considerably mitigate the negative impact of aging on the economy, although their effects differ across regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei, Taoyuan & Zhu, Qin & Glomsrød, Solveig, 2018. "How Will Demographic Characteristics of the Labor Force Matter for the Global Economy and Carbon Dioxide Emissions?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 197-207.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:147:y:2018:i:c:p:197-207
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.017
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    1. Taoyuan Wei & Qin Zhu & Solveig Glomsrød, 2018. "Ageing Impact on the Economy and Emissions in China: A Global Computable General Equilibrium Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Aqib, Muhammad & Zaman, Khalid, 2023. "Greening the Workforce: The Power of Investing in Human Capital," MPRA Paper 116263, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 05 Feb 2023.
    3. Zedong Yang & Hui Sun & Weipeng Yuan & Xuechao Xia, 2022. "The Spatial Pattern of the Prefecture-Level Carbon Emissions and Its Spatial Mismatch in China with the Level of Economic Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-20, August.
    4. Tae Yong Jung & Yong-Gun Kim & Jongwoo Moon, 2021. "The Impact of Demographic Changes on CO 2 Emission Profiles: Cases of East Asian Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    5. Devesh Singh & Sunil Kumar Dhiman, 2023. "The linkage between carbon emissions, foreign direct investment, economic growth, and gross value added," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 13(1), pages 156-176, March.
    6. Donglan Zha & Pan Liu & Hui Shi, 2022. "Does population aging aggravate air pollution in China?," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 1-14, February.

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