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Migration and outbound tourism: Evidence from Italy

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  • Etzo, Ivan
  • Massidda, Carla
  • Piras, Romano

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of migration on Italian outbound tourism trips disaggregated by purpose of visit. A dynamic panel data analysis is carried out on a sample of 65 countries over the period 2005–2011. To disentangle pushing and pulling effects, the migration variables are defined at both the origin and the destination of tourism flows. We also control for the Italian real GDP per capita, relative prices and distance. The results show that the stock of Italians residing abroad has a positive impact on outbound tourism for all purposes. Conversely, the stock of foreign-born citizens residing in Italy appears to push Italian outbound tourism for business purposes, for visiting friends and relatives, but not for holiday trips.

Suggested Citation

  • Etzo, Ivan & Massidda, Carla & Piras, Romano, 2014. "Migration and outbound tourism: Evidence from Italy," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 235-249.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:anture:v:48:y:2014:i:c:p:235-249
    DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.07.002
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    3. Ivlevs, Artjoms & Smith, Ian, 2023. "Do International Tourist Arrivals Change Residents' Attitudes Towards Immigration? A Longitudinal Study of 28 European Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 15953, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Ya-Yen Sun & Pei-Chun Lin, 2019. "How far will we travel? A global distance pattern of international travel from both demand and supply perspectives," Tourism Economics, , vol. 25(8), pages 1200-1223, December.
    5. Seetaram, Neelu & Forsyth, Peter & Dwyer, Larry, 2016. "Measuring price elasticities of demand for outbound tourism using competitiveness indices," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 65-79.
    6. Etzo, Ivan, 2016. "The impact of migration on tourism demand: evidence from Japan," MPRA Paper 72457, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Viktorija Grigaliunaite & Lina Pileliene, 2019. "Lithuanian Emigrants’ Satisfaction With Their Holiday In Homeland," Economic Review: Journal of Economics and Business, University of Tuzla, Faculty of Economics, vol. 17(1), pages 63-75, May.
    8. Carla Massidda & Ivan Etzo & Romano Piras, 2017. "The relationship between immigration and tourism firms," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(8), pages 1537-1552, December.
    9. Davide Provenzano, 2020. "The migration–tourism nexus in the EU28," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(8), pages 1374-1393, December.
    10. Pagenstecher Cord, 2017. "The Transformation of Kosovar Holidays between Socialism, War and Migration. A Biographical Approach," Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft, De Gruyter, vol. 9(1), pages 141-156, May.
    11. Carla Massidda & Ivan Etzo & Romano Piras, 2015. "Migration and inbound tourism: an Italian perspective," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(12), pages 1152-1171, December.
    12. Maria Santana-Gallego & Jordi Paniagua, 2022. "Tourism and migration: Identifying the channels with gravity models," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(2), pages 394-417, March.
    13. Xiaobo Su & Zhigang Chen, 2017. "Embeddedness and migrant tourism entrepreneurs: A Polanyian perspective," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 49(3), pages 652-669, March.
    14. Alderighi, Marco & Gaggero, Alberto A., 2019. "Flight availability and international tourism flows," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Migration; Outbound tourism; Dynamic panel data; GMM; Italy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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